自供电、自报警无线传感节点的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-01-22 01:56

本文关键词： 自供电振动能量采集无线传感节点电源管理　出处：《苏州大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：物联网技术是信息产业的第三次浪潮,如何长期稳定的有效供电是限制物联网发展的主要瓶颈。通过采集环境中无处不在的机械振动能是解决该问题的最理想方案之一。本文在研究振动能量采集器的基础上,设计了一种自供电、自报警无线传感节点,实现了无需外界供电的振动事件无线监控与智能报警功能。所设计节点主要由能量采集器、整流储能电路、电源管理电路及射频电路组成。其中能量采集器为二级振动结构,通过两级振子间磁排斥力,实现上变频转换与阈值驱动功能。该器件将机械能转换为电能同时,具有振动自感知功能,仅当外界振动达到一定幅值,才会产生足够电压。针对微弱能量采集,本文基于滞回控制技术设计了一种双阈值电源管理电路,电路自动检测输入电压,实现输出电压高阈值开启,低阈值关断的智能控制,具有驱动大功率负载能力。为了提升系统稳定性,本文进一步以CC1110芯片为核心通过电路设计与仿真优化,设计高效低功耗射频发射模块,以实现了节点低功耗、远距离发射的目的。实验表明,所设计的自供电、自报警无线传感节点,在频率42Hz、加速度幅值5g的激励下,仅需125s的等待时间,节点就能够以+10dBm的功率在16ms内完成对振动事件的无线报警,节点消耗1.57mJ能量;现场测试中稳定收发距离可达1.3Km。所设计的自供电、自报警无线传感节点在石油管道防盗报警,电子围栏入侵监控,国防边界安全检测等能耗极度受限的野外环境下具有实际应用价值。
[Abstract]:Internet of things technology is the third wave of information industry. How to supply power effectively and steadily for a long time is the main bottleneck of limiting the development of the Internet of things. One of the most ideal solutions to this problem is to collect the ubiquitous mechanical vibration energy in the environment. On... A wireless sensor node with self-power supply and self-alarm is designed, which realizes wireless monitoring and intelligent alarm function of vibration event without external power supply. The designed node is mainly composed of energy collector, rectifier and energy storage circuit. The power management circuit and the radio frequency circuit are composed of the energy collector which is a two-stage vibration structure through the magnetic repulsive force between the two stage vibrators. The device can convert mechanical energy into electric energy and has the function of vibration self-sensing only when the external vibration reaches a certain amplitude. For weak energy acquisition, this paper designs a dual-threshold power supply management circuit based on hysteretic control technology. The circuit automatically detects the input voltage and realizes the high threshold of output voltage. Intelligent control with low threshold turn-off has the capability of driving high-power load. In order to improve the stability of the system, this paper further uses CC1110 chip as the core through circuit design and simulation optimization. Design an efficient low-power RF transmitter module to achieve the purpose of low power consumption and remote transmission. Experiments show that the designed self-powered self-alarm wireless sensor node at the frequency of 42 Hz. Under the excitation of the acceleration amplitude of 5 g, the node can complete the wireless alarm of the vibration event within 16ms with the power of 10dBm, and the waiting time is only 125s. The node consumes 1.57mJ energy; In the field test, the stable transceiver distance can be up to 1.3Km.Self-power supply, self-alarm wireless sensor node in oil pipeline anti-theft alarm, electronic fence intrusion monitoring. The detection of national defense boundary security has practical application value in the field environment with extremely limited energy consumption.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TM619;TN929.5;TP391.44

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