基于路由协议与数据压缩的无线传感器网络节能方案

发布时间：2018-02-15 01:26

本文关键词： 无线传感器网络路由协议多跳传输时间相关性数据压缩　出处：《南京邮电大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：无线传感器网络能够实时地监测、采集各种环境下感知对象的信息,将数据处理后传送给特定的用户,具有精度高、灵活性好等诸多优势,有着广泛的应用价值。无线传感器网络节点一般靠电池供电,难以更换,故如何高效利用节点能量、延长网络的生命期就成为了该技术发展的关键问题,也是当下研究的热点之一。为此,本文分别从路由协议与数据压缩两个方面提出了无线传感器网络中的节能方案。(1)研究了无线传感器网络的体系结构、特点及能耗问题,研究了网络节能的关键技术,其中包括无线传感器网络中的路由协议与数据压缩技术,并重点分析了几种经典的路由协议及其改进算法以及常见的数据压缩算法。(2)提出了一种能量高效的分层路由协议设计方案,涉及到最佳成簇半径、簇首选取及簇的形成、数据传输方式三个方面。首先推导了最佳成簇半径的表达式,接着利用近似均匀的分簇方法兼顾了簇首的位置和能量两个因素,很均衡了网络中节点的能耗。提出了簇首到基站数据通信方式的选取依据以及多跳传输中间节点的选择方法。(3)提出了两种基于时间相关性的数据压缩方案,分别为基于线性回归的压缩方案和基于向量积阈值的压缩方案。前者利用线性回归与最小二乘法对数据进行分段拟合压缩,在误差允许范围内用较少的回归参数来代替原始数据;后者利用顺序数据点之间的向量积之和来控制压缩误差,删除冗余的数据点,且具有较高的执行效率。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSN) can monitor and collect the information of objects in various environments and transmit the data to specific users. It has many advantages, such as high precision, good flexibility and so on. Wireless sensor network nodes are generally powered by batteries, which are difficult to replace. Therefore, how to use node energy efficiently and prolong the lifetime of the network has become a key issue in the development of the technology. It is also one of the hotspots of the current research. Therefore, this paper proposes the energy saving scheme in wireless sensor networks from two aspects of routing protocol and data compression.) the architecture, characteristics and energy consumption of wireless sensor networks are studied in this paper. The key technologies of network energy saving are studied, including routing protocol and data compression technology in wireless sensor networks. Several classical routing protocols and their improved algorithms, as well as some common data compression algorithms, are analyzed. An energy-efficient hierarchical routing protocol is proposed, which involves the optimal clustering radius, the first selection of clusters and the formation of clusters. First, the expression of the optimal clustering radius is derived, and then the position and energy of the cluster head are taken into account by using an approximate uniform clustering method. The energy consumption of nodes in the network is well balanced. The selection basis of data communication mode from cluster head to base station and the method of selecting intermediate nodes for multi-hop transmission are proposed. Two data compression schemes based on time dependence are proposed. The former uses linear regression and least-square method to compress the data, respectively, which is based on linear regression and threshold value of vector product, and the former uses linear regression and least square method to compress the data. Less regression parameters are used to replace the original data within the range of errors, and the latter uses the sum of vector products between the sequential data points to control the compression error, removes redundant data points, and has higher execution efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9

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