基于定向天线的移动无线传感器网络定位算法研究

发布时间：2018-02-26 20:05

本文关键词： 无线传感器网络定位移动锚节点定向天线功率分级　出处：《广东工业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着传感技术、嵌入式技术、无线通信技术的快速发展,无线传感器网络技术已越来越多的应用于人们日常生活。定位技术是无线传感器网络关键技术之一。本文主要研究基于定向天线的移动无线传感器网络定位算法,本文主要工作如下:(1)本文详细阐述了无线传感器网络的基础理论、常用的节点计算方法和定位算法的性能评价标准,对移动无线传感器网络定位算法进行了总结和归纳,分析了算法误差产生的原因。(2)移动锚节点的移动路径规划在一定程度上会影响定位精度,因此,深入研究了节点移动模型和几种静态路径规划算法包括:Scan、Double Scan和Hilbert模型,并且研究了各种模型的优点和缺点。并且,为了保证算法对比的公平性,仿真实验中提出了一种移动路径规划,以保证路径规划不会影响对比算法定位误差。(3)研究了不同天线类型对定位误差的影响。分别对全向天线和定向天线算法进行了分析,总结了影响算法定位误差的因素。以Ssu定位算法为例详细分析了环境因素对全向天线的定位算法的影响,Ssu算法使用通信圆上的弦来完成定位,不规则环境下会影响弦的端点,从而影响定位精度;以BLI(the Border Line Intersection)算法为例研究和总结了使用定向天线定位算法的优点和缺点,分析了BLI算法的原理和造成定位误差的原因,使用一个定向天线边界的交点来替代整个相交区域,定位误差较大。(4)在移动无线传感器网络定位中,由于全向天线信号容易受环境影响而造成定位误差较大。并且,现实中的定线天线主瓣宽度通常在60度到120度之间,定向天线的定位相交区域较大。本文提出了一种改进的基于定向天线的移动无线传感器网络定位算法(DADLP,Directional Antenna in Different Level of Power),使用一个带有单个定向天线的移动锚节点周期性广播辅助定位信息,未知节点接收到定位信号后,根据接收功率分为若干等级,进一步缩小定位估计区域。(5)为了验证DADLP算法性能,本文对DADLP、Ssu、BLI、Abdi、GGDI(the Greatest Gain Direction line Intersection)和RROI(Radiate Region Of Intersection)移动锚节点算法进行了仿真实验,并且在Scan路径模型和DADLP算法移动路径模型下分别进行对比,仿真结果表明DADLP算法在两种路径模型下定位精度都明显高于其他几种算法,并且在规则和非规则模型下有更低的平均定位误差。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of sensor technology, embedded technology and wireless communication technology, Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology has been applied to people's daily life more and more. Location technology is one of the key technologies in WSN. In this paper, mobile wireless sensor network location algorithm based on directional antenna is studied. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) in this paper, the basic theory of wireless sensor network (WSN), the commonly used node calculation methods and the performance evaluation standard of location algorithm are described in detail, and the localization algorithm of mobile WSN is summarized and summarized. This paper analyzes the cause of the algorithm error. 2) the moving path planning of the mobile anchor node will affect the positioning accuracy to a certain extent. Therefore, the node moving model and several static path planning algorithms, including the: Scanable Scan and Hilbert model, are studied in detail. And the advantages and disadvantages of various models are studied. In order to ensure the fairness of the algorithm comparison, a mobile path planning is proposed in the simulation experiment. In order to ensure that path planning will not affect the positioning error of the contrast algorithm, the effect of different antenna types on the positioning error is studied. The omnidirectional antenna and directional antenna algorithm are analyzed respectively. The influence of environment factors on the location algorithm of omnidirectional antenna is analyzed in detail. The Ssu algorithm uses the string on the communication circle to complete the localization, which will affect the endpoint of the string in irregular environment. Taking the BLI(the Border Line intersectionalgorithm as an example, the advantages and disadvantages of using directional antenna localization algorithm are studied and summarized, and the principle of BLI algorithm and the cause of the location error are analyzed. Using the intersection point of a directional antenna boundary to replace the whole intersecting area, the positioning error is large. 4) in mobile wireless sensor network, the omnidirectional antenna signal is easy to be affected by the environment and the location error is large. In reality, the width of the main lobe of a fixed line antenna is usually between 60 and 120 degrees. This paper presents an improved location algorithm for mobile wireless sensor networks based on directional antennas, which uses a single directional antenna with a single directional antenna to locate the perimeter of mobile anchor nodes. Secondary broadcast auxiliary location information, After receiving the location signal, the unknown node is divided into several grades according to the received power, and the location estimation area is further reduced. (5) in order to verify the performance of the DADLP algorithm, this paper simulates the algorithm of the mobile anchor node named DADLPU, the Greatest Gain Direction line intersection. and the algorithm of the RROI(Radiate Region of intersection. in order to verify the performance of the algorithm, The simulation results show that the location accuracy of DADLP algorithm is obviously higher than that of other algorithms under the Scan path model and the moving path model of DADLP algorithm. And there are lower average positioning errors in the regular and irregular models.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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