小型合成孔径雷达软件系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-05 13:27

本文选题：小型合成孔径雷达　切入点：线性调频连续波　出处：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：小型合成孔径雷达,即Mini SAR,不同于传统的脉冲体制合成孔径雷达,是以合成孔径雷达技术为基础,结合调频连续波(FMCW)技术,在FMCW-SAR体制上实现的小型化合成孔径雷达系统。Mini SAR不仅跟普通SAR系统一样,拥有二维高分辨率、全天时全天候工作等独特优点,还具有重量轻、体积小、功耗低、高性价比等特点。Mini SAR可以搭载在无人机等小型平台上,广泛应用于民用测绘、高危地区检测、军用目标检测与侦查等领域。本文以小型合成孔径雷达软件系统的设计与实现为主要研究方向,论文中涵盖了Mini SAR成像技术、Mini SAR系统的整体设计、Mini SAR软件系统的设计等。结合工程实现,文章着重对软件系统设计与实现上的关键问题进行了研究分析。完成的主要工作如下:1、研究分析了Mini SAR成像的关键技术。首先分析了线性调频信号的信号特点和脉冲压缩方法,得到了去调频处理技术能简化雷达系统硬件结构的结论。基于传统成像算法理论,推导了适用于Mini SAR的RD算法与波数域算法,并定性分析比较了两种算法的运算量,选择了处理步骤与运算量更少、成像效果较好的RD算法作为实时成像处理算法。2、结合工程实现,给出Mini SAR系统的整体设计,分析了系统工作过程中的信号处理流程。基于雷达系统的需求,设计了软件系统的基本结构框架。3、将软件系统基于C/S结构模式划分成两个模块,根据各功能模块的需求,对软件系统进行了详细的设计与具体的实现。对于嵌入式应用软件,进行了应用任务的划分设计、任务调度的设计、各个任务的具体实现。对于上位机软件系统,在Visual Studio 2013平台下基于C#语言设计与实现了可靠的应用软件,其功能包括:对雷达的控制,实时接收数据,信号处理等。4、对Mini SAR软件系统进行了测试验证。通过外场轨道实验,验证了Mini SAR成像系统的正确性。
[Abstract]:Small synthetic Aperture Radar, or Mini SAR, is different from the traditional pulse system synthetic Aperture Radar, which is based on synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) technology and combined with FM CW FMCW technology.The miniaturized synthetic Aperture Radar system .Mini SAR realized on FMCW-SAR system not only has the unique advantages of two-dimensional high resolution and all-weather operation, but also has the advantages of light weight, small volume and low power consumption.Mini SAR can be used on small platforms such as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), which can be widely used in civil mapping, high risk area detection, military target detection and detection and so on.This paper focuses on the design and implementation of small synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) software system. It covers the whole design of Mini SAR system based on Mini SAR imaging technology and the design of Mini SAR software system.Combined with engineering implementation, the key problems in software system design and implementation are studied and analyzed in this paper.The main work is as follows: 1: 1. The key techniques of Mini SAR imaging are studied and analyzed.Firstly, the characteristics of LFM signal and the pulse compression method are analyzed, and the conclusion is drawn that the deFM processing technology can simplify the hardware structure of radar system.Based on the traditional imaging algorithm theory, Rd algorithm and wavenumber domain algorithm suitable for Mini SAR are derived, and the computational complexity of the two algorithms is qualitatively analyzed and compared.Rd algorithm, which has good imaging effect, is used as real-time imaging processing algorithm. Combined with engineering implementation, the whole design of Mini SAR system is presented, and the signal processing flow in the working process of the system is analyzed.Based on the requirement of radar system, the basic structure frame of software system is designed. The software system is divided into two modules based on C / S structure mode. According to the requirements of each functional module, the software system is designed and implemented in detail.For embedded application software, the design of application task partition, task scheduling, and the implementation of each task are carried out.For the upper computer software system, a reliable application software based on C # language is designed and implemented on the platform of Visual Studio 2013. Its functions include radar control, real-time receiving data, signal processing and so on. The software system of Mini SAR is tested and verified.The correctness of the Mini SAR imaging system is verified by the field orbit experiment.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN958;TP311.52

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