双频双圆极化顺序旋转微带阵列研究

发布时间：2018-04-09 01:24

本文选题：顺序旋转　切入点：双频　出处：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：圆极化天线对极化位置不敏感,能够消除电离层对电磁波的法拉第旋转效应,抗干扰性强,广泛应用于卫星通信、雷达、GPS等系统中。而卫星通信系统通常懫用双频双极化共口径天线。本文对顺序旋转阵列进行深入研究,针对特定卫星通信系统研制出X波段高增益双频双圆极化顺序旋转微带阵列。主要工作如下:第一,综述了圆极化微带天线的研究现状与进展,深入分析了顺序旋转馈电技术及其展宽带宽的机理,探讨了采用不同极化单元时顺序旋转阵列的带宽和间距优化问题。第二,针对特定应用,提出一种单层介质基片结构的双频双圆极化顺序旋转微带子阵列。利用单个矩形贴片产生极化隔离较高的双频双线极化辐射,再结合2套独立的馈电网络组成2×2顺序旋转的双频双圆极化子阵列,实现了两频率比仅1.05的X波段双频双圆极化的共口径天线。线极化模式提供了两接近频率之间良好的隔离;顺序旋转馈电实现了良好的圆极化和带宽特性。第三,为获取高增益性能,在单层基片上巧妙布置两套并馈网络,将2×2子阵扩展到8×8阵列。利用小型化功分和半钢同轴电缆,进一步将8×8阵列扩展成16×16阵列。研制出的16×16阵列,低频处和高频处-15dB阻抗带宽分别为2.2%和2%,3dB轴比带宽分别为2.84%和1.57%,最大增益分别为25.1dBi和25.6dBi,两个中心频率处的阻抗隔离分别为-18.6dB和-19.4dB。第四,修正并完善了基于线分量法的圆极化天线测试方法。利用两组正交的线极化幅度信息,无需相位测量,实现对圆极化天线轴比的精确测量,进一步处理出主极化、交叉极化方向图,给出增益测试方法。本文利用双模线极化贴片、巧妙的顺序旋转馈电网络,在单层介质基片上实现了两个中心频率比仅1.05的X波段双频双圆极化16×16微带阵列。阵列增益高、剖面低、圆极化性能优,带宽和隔离度良好,加工方便、可靠,具有重要的实用价值。
[Abstract]:Circular polarization antenna is insensitive to polarization position and can eliminate Faraday rotation effect of ionosphere to electromagnetic wave. It has strong anti-jamming and is widely used in satellite communication radar GPS and other systems.Satellite communication systems usually use dual-frequency dual-polarized common aperture antenna.In this paper, the sequential rotation array is studied, and the X-band dual-frequency double-circular polarization sequential rotating microstrip array is developed for the special satellite communication system.The main work is as follows: first, the research status and progress of circularly polarized microstrip antenna are reviewed, and the sequential rotation feed technology and the mechanism of bandwidth broadening are analyzed.The optimization of bandwidth and spacing of sequential rotation arrays with different polarization elements is discussed.Secondly, for specific applications, a double frequency circular polarization sequential rotating microstrip array with single-layer dielectric substrate structure is proposed.A single rectangular patch is used to generate dual-frequency dual-line polarization radiation with high polarization isolation, and two sets of independent feed networks are combined to form a 2 脳 2 sequentially rotated dual-frequency double-circular polaron array.An X band dual frequency dual circular polarization antenna with two frequency ratio of 1.05 is realized.The linear polarization mode provides a good isolation between the two proximity frequencies, and the sequential rotation feed achieves good circular polarization and bandwidth characteristics.Thirdly, in order to obtain high gain performance, two sets of parallel feed networks are arranged on the single-layer substrate, and the 2 脳 2 subarray is extended to 8 脳 8 array.Using miniaturized power distribution and semi-steel coaxial cable, the 8 脳 8 array is further expanded to 16 脳 16 array.For the 16 脳 16 array, the impedance bandwidth of -15dB at low and high frequencies is 2.2% and 2.84% and 1.57, respectively, and the maximum gain is 25.1dBi and 25.6 dBi.The impedance isolation at two central frequencies is -18.6dB and -19.4 dB, respectively.Fourthly, the testing method of circular polarization antenna based on linear component method is modified and improved.Using two sets of orthogonal linear polarization amplitude information and no phase measurement, the axial ratio of circular polarization antenna can be accurately measured. Furthermore, the main polarization and cross polarization patterns are processed, and the gain measurement method is given.In this paper, two X-band dual-frequency double-circularly polarized 16 脳 16 microstrip arrays with a central frequency ratio of only 1.05 have been realized on a single-layer dielectric substrate by using a double-mode linear polarization patch and a cleverly sequentially rotating feed network.The array has high gain, low profile, good circular polarization performance, good bandwidth and isolation, convenient and reliable processing, and has important practical value.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN822

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