紧凑型双极化电磁偶极子基站天线研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 06:22

本文选题：基站天线 + 电磁偶极子　；参考：《南京邮电大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：基站天线是无线通信系统射频前端的关键部件之一,其性能关系到基站系统收发信号的质量与稳定性。随着无线通信向4G的发展,设计并实现小型化、双极化的基站天线及阵列,对LTE基站的普及具有重要的意义。本文对LTE基站天线的紧凑型结构和双极化特性进行研究,主要工作有以下几个方面。首先,基于电磁偶极子互补天线理论即电偶极子与磁偶极子方向图互补的特性,提出一款紧凑型单极化电磁偶极子互补天线,采用接地的同轴线馈电方式使其满足基站天线接地防雷击的要求,并通过金属片的折叠实现紧凑低高度的结构,其剖面高度为16mm(0.13λ)。通过参数分析等方法,加工出一款中心频率2.3GHz的单极化电磁偶极子互补天线,工作频带(VSWR≤2)为1.94GHz-2.75GHz,其测试结果显示天线增益(7dBi左右)在整个带宽内保持稳定,辐射特性与仿真结果基本保持一致。其次,在单极化天线设计思路的基础上,对单极化天线结构进行调整,提出紧凑型结构双极化互补天线,其剖面高度为25.7mm(0.19λ)。天线实测端口1工作频带1.75GHz-2.62GHz,端口2的工作带宽为1.59GHz-2.51GHz,天线的增益保持稳定,方向图特性满足基站天线要求。第三,提出了一种改进的双极化天线馈电结构,通过仿真分析,使双极化天线单元在不改变端口1工作带宽的条件下,端口2工作带宽的仿真结果由1.66GHz-2.56GHz扩展为1.62GHz-2.80 GHz,为该天线拓展带宽提供一种改进思路。第四,对双极化天线阵列进行仿真研究。对阵列的阵元数目与阵元间距对阵列性能的影响进行研究,设计得到八单元阵列天线,其在工作频带1.7GHz-2.5GHz下增益达18dBi, yoz面半功率波束宽度60。左右,xoz面的波束宽度8°左右,其增益与方向图特性满足基站天线的要求。
[Abstract]:Base station antenna is one of the key components of radio frequency front end in wireless communication system. Its performance is related to the quality and stability of transceiver signal in base station system. With the development of wireless communication to 4G, the design and implementation of miniaturized and dual-polarized base station antennas and arrays is of great significance to the popularization of LTE base stations. The compact structure and dual polarization characteristics of LTE base station antenna are studied in this paper. Firstly, based on the theory of electromagnetic dipole complementary antenna, that is, electric dipole and magnetic dipole pattern complementarity, a compact single-polarization electromagnetic dipole complementary antenna is proposed. The grounded coaxial line is used to make it meet the requirements of base station antenna grounding lightning protection, and the compact and low height structure is realized by folding the metal sheet, and the profile height is 16mm(0.13 位. By means of parameter analysis, a single-polarization electromagnetic dipole complementary antenna with central frequency 2.3GHz is fabricated. The working band is 1.94 GHz ~ 2.75 GHz. The measured results show that the antenna gain is about 7 dBi) and remains stable in the whole bandwidth. The radiation characteristics are basically consistent with the simulation results. Secondly, on the basis of the design idea of single-polarization antenna, the structure of single-polarization antenna is adjusted, and a compact dual-polarization complementary antenna is proposed, whose profile height is 25.7mm(0.19 位 ~ (-1). The operational bandwidth of port 1 is 1.75GHz-2.62GHz, and the bandwidth of port 2 is 1.59GHz-2.51GHz. The antenna gain is stable and the pattern characteristic meets the requirements of base station antenna. Thirdly, an improved dual-polarization antenna feed structure is proposed. Through simulation analysis, the dual-polarization antenna unit is made to operate without changing the bandwidth of port 1. The simulation result of port 2 working bandwidth is extended from 1.66GHz-2.56GHz to 1.62GHz-2.80 GHz, which provides an improved way for the antenna to expand bandwidth. Fourthly, the dual polarization antenna array is simulated. The effects of the number of array elements and the spacing of array elements on the performance of the array are studied. The eight-cell array antenna is designed. The gain of the antenna is up to 18dBiunder the operating band 1.7GHz-2.5GHz, and the half-power beam width of the yoz plane is 60. The beam width of the left and right Xoz plane is about 8 掳, and its gain and pattern characteristics meet the requirements of the base station antenna.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN828.6

【相似文献】