低散射平面天线的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-05-02 02:19

  本文选题：雷达散射截面(RCS) + 微带贴片天线　； 参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：雷达隐身技术以其在现代军事领域中的关键地位受到了广泛的关注。随着隐身技术的发展和成熟,天线这一类特殊散射体的散射问题成为制约其载体的总散射性能的关键。既要保证装备间的正常通信,又不能使装备被敌方雷达探测到,这就要求在保证天线辐射性能的前提下尽可能缩减其雷达散射截面(radar cross section,RCS)。以微带贴片天线为代表的平面天线具有剖面低,重量轻,易共形等优点,是高速飞行器上的常用天线。本文以矩形贴片天线为例,通过在其地板或辐射贴片周围加载互补开口谐振环(Complementary Split Ring Resonator,CSRR),实现天线或天线阵的RCS减缩。研究成果对其他平面天线如缝隙天线等有一定的指导意义。本文的主要研究工作有:1.利用CSRR谐振时对散射波的偏转作用及其对入射波的极化选择性,在微带天线地板上加载两个摆放方向互相垂直的CSRR,实现了 x方向和y方向两种极化的散射缩减;仿真结果与测试结果吻合。2.利用CSRR的谐振频率与其周长的关系,在微带天线非辐射边的地板上加载两不同茎长的CSRR,实现了一个宽频带的散射减缩,散射缩减频带范围为2.48GHz-3.32GHz。3.在前述单段延伸茎CSRR的基础上,设计了一种双段延伸茎的CSRR,该结构在两个极化方向上分别增加一个谐振频点,达到了双CSRR的效果。利用反射相位差设计了一种正交棋盘结构反射屏,其散射缩减频带为7.5GHz-14.5GHz,其中在9.4GHz-9.9GHz频段,10.5GHz-11.2GHz 频段以及13.8GHz-14.1GHz频段,RCS缩减大于10dB。仿真实验和实际测试的结果保持一致。4.将上述双段延伸茎的CSRR棋盘结构加载在微带天线阵辐射贴片周围,并组成天线阵,使得天线阵在多个频段内的RCS都得到减缩。
[Abstract]:Radar stealth technology has received extensive attention because of its key position in modern military field. With the development and maturity of stealth technology, the scattering problem of antenna, a special scatterer, becomes the key to restrict the total scattering performance of its carrier. It is necessary to ensure the normal communication between the equipment and not be detected by the enemy radar, which requires that the radar cross section (RCS) can be reduced as much as possible on the premise of ensuring the radiation performance of the antenna. The planar antenna, represented by microstrip patch antenna, has the advantages of low profile, light weight, easy conformal and so on. In this paper, taking rectangular patch antenna as an example, the RCS reduction of antenna or antenna array is realized by loading complementary Split Ring resonator or complementary Split Ring resonator around its floor or radiation patch. The research results have certain guiding significance for other planar antennas such as slot antennas. The main research work of this paper is: 1. Based on the deflection of the scattering wave and the polarization selectivity of the incident wave during the CSRR resonance, two vertical directions are loaded on the floor of the microstrip antenna, and the scattering reduction in the x direction and the y direction is realized. The simulation results agree with the test results. Based on the relationship between the resonant frequency and the perimeter of the CSRR, two different stem lengths are loaded on the floor of the non-radiating edge of the microstrip antenna, and a wide-band scattering reduction is realized, with a range of 2.48 GHz ~ 3.32 GHz 路3. On the basis of the single-segment extension stem CSRR, a two-segment extension stem CSRR is designed. The structure increases one resonant frequency point in two polarization directions and achieves the effect of double CSRR. Based on the reflection phase difference, an orthogonal chessboard structure reflection screen is designed. The scattering reduction frequency band is 7.5 GHz to 14.5 GHz, in which the 9.4GHz-9.9GHz band is 10.5GHz to 11.2GHz and the 13.8GHz-14.1GHz band is larger than 10 dB. The result of simulation experiment is consistent with that of actual test. The CSRR chessboard structure of the two-segment extension stem is loaded around the radiation patch of the microstrip antenna array and the antenna array is formed so that the RCS of the antenna array in multiple frequency bands can be reduced.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN822

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