弹道中段目标ISAR成像技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-05 07:15

本文选题：弹道导弹 + 逆合成孔径雷达　；参考：《南京航空航天大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：逆合成孔径雷达(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar,ISAR)是一种微波成像系统,能够全天时、全天候对远距离目标进行二维高分辨成像,在军用与民用方面具有广阔的应用前景,为国内外学者的研究热点。弹道导弹(Ballistic Missile,BM)作为世界上极具威胁的战略武器,开展对其侦测与识别技术的研究对弹道导弹防御系统具有重要意义。本文围绕弹道中段目标ISAR成像方法展开研究,主要研究工作如下:1.研究了弹道中段目标特性。首先,研究了弹道中段目标的运动特性,包括其轨道运动与微动特性;然后,分析了弹道中段目标回波特性,对其一维距离像回波进行研究,并对信号波形及处理方式进行选取,为进行弹道中段目标ISAR成像奠定基础。2.研究了ISAR成像及补偿方法。首先研究了ISAR转台成像原理及运动补偿方法,分别选取主要的包络对齐与相位校正方法进行仿真分析,并通过建立评估系统对运动补偿方法进行选取;其次,研究时频分析方法在ISAR成像中的应用,通过仿真分析各方法处理性能。3.研究了弹道中段目标ISAR成像方法。建立高速运动目标回波模型,并对回波处理结果进行分析,通过采用相应的补偿方法对其进行补偿处理。对于弹道目标中段飞行章动运动,通过选取合适的成像时间并对成像结果筛选得到高质量的弹道中段目标ISAR成像结果。4.提出一种实数化改进AMP图像重构算法。利用实数化处理对方位向字典进行处理,然后利用矩阵乘积的向量化与Kronecker积的关系实现对AMP向量迭代算法的矩阵化处理。与已有算法相比,该算法重构速度快,重构图像效果出色。通过采用本文方法与其他重构算法对弹道目标进行成像仿真,验证了该算法的优越性与高效性。
[Abstract]:Inverse Synthetic Aperture radar (ISAR) is a kind of microwave imaging system, which can carry out two-dimensional high-resolution imaging of long distance targets all day and all weather. It has a broad application prospect in military and civilian applications, and has become a hot research topic of domestic and foreign scholars. As the most dangerous strategic weapon in the world, ballistic missile ballistic missile BMM is of great significance to the ballistic missile defense system because of its detection and identification technology. This paper focuses on the ISAR imaging method of the mid-ballistic target. The main research work is as follows: 1. The target characteristics in the middle part of the trajectory are studied. Firstly, the moving characteristics of the target in the middle part of the trajectory, including its orbit motion and fretting motion, are studied, and then, the echo characteristics of the target in the middle part of the trajectory are analyzed, and the one-dimensional range echo is studied. The signal waveforms and processing methods are selected to lay the foundation for the ISAR imaging of the target in the middle part of the trajectory. ISAR imaging and compensation methods are studied. Firstly, the imaging principle and motion compensation method of ISAR turntable are studied, the main envelope alignment and phase correction methods are selected for simulation analysis, and the motion compensation method is selected by establishing an evaluation system. The application of time frequency analysis method in ISAR imaging is studied. The processing performance of each method is analyzed by simulation. In this paper, the ISAR imaging method of the target in the middle part of trajectory is studied. The echo model of high speed moving target is established, and the result of echo processing is analyzed, and the corresponding compensation method is adopted to compensate it. For the middle flight nutation motion of the ballistic target, the high quality ISAR imaging result is obtained by selecting the appropriate imaging time and screening the imaging results. An improved AMP image reconstruction algorithm based on real number is proposed. The azimuth dictionary is processed by real processing, and then the matrix processing of AMP vector iterative algorithm is realized by using the relationship between the vectorization of matrix product and Kronecker product. Compared with the existing algorithms, this algorithm is faster and better in image reconstruction. By using this method and other reconstruction algorithms to simulate the ballistic target, the superiority and efficiency of the algorithm are verified.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN957.52

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