大口径卡塞格伦光学天线结构优化与光传输特性研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 14:11

本文选题：空间光通信 + 卡塞格伦天线　；参考：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着空间领域的扩展和高质量通信的需求,空间光通信技术因其重量轻且体积小,但容量大和抗干扰能力强等主要优点,已然成为国际研究热点。空间光通信是一项融合多个关键技术的综合研究项目,目前仍面临着很多技术难题,其中,作为整个空间激光通信系统中不可或缺的部件,光学天线占据着极其重要的地位,其传输效率更是直接决定了空间光通信的品质。为了保证空间光通信系统能以高精度的技术性能在苛刻的环境条件下正常工作,并提供稳定可靠的传输服务,有必要对光学天线的主要性能进行进一步的研讨和分析。因此,根据文献和实际工程需要,本文主要以卡塞格伦天线为研究对象,其光传输性能为主题展开研究分析。首先探讨了光学天线处于热环境条件下时,线性热膨胀对天线传输性能的影响,其次,为了解决传统卡塞格伦天线出现的中心次镜遮挡导致的能量损失问题,依据光学天线系统设计的根本原理和基本方法,提出了一种结构更加优化的新型光学天线系统方案,并对系统进行分析、仿真和研究。本文主要内容如下:(1)概述了空间光通信的优势和研究意义,整理了国内外空间光通信的发展动态及趋势,并通过对空间光通信关键技术的分析了解提出了本文的主题。(2)介绍了光学天线系统的基础理论及天线的分类,并归纳概括了各类型的光学天线的主要特点,通过对几种常见的光学天线的工作原理、基础结构和特性的分析,总结了光学天线设计的要点,为后续内容的设计、分析、研究和仿真打下了坚实的理论基础。(3)从线性热膨胀的理论出发,推导出在线性热膨胀下,抛物面和双曲面反射镜的曲面方程,并以此为基础分别对发生线性热膨胀的卡塞格伦型发射天线和接收天线两个模块进行建模分析。借助矢量反射定理,利用Matlab分别给出了发射天线和接收天线的光线追迹仿真结果,并对天线的性能进行了分析与总结。(4)针对传统卡塞格伦天线出现的中心次镜遮挡导致的能量损失问题,提出了新型带导角的锥形双抛物卡塞格伦天线结构设计方案,给出了理论推导过程、优化系统结构参数及系统性能的具体分析,并进行了仿真研究。
[Abstract]:With the expansion of the space field and the demand of high quality communication, the space optical communication technology has become the international research hotspot because of its light weight and small volume, but large capacity and strong anti-jamming ability. Space optical communication is a comprehensive research project that integrates many key technologies. At present, it still faces many technical difficulties, among which, as an indispensable part of the whole space laser communication system, optical antenna occupies an extremely important position. The transmission efficiency directly determines the quality of space optical communication. In order to ensure that the space optical communication system can work normally under harsh environment with high precision technical performance and provide stable and reliable transmission service, it is necessary to further study and analyze the main performance of optical antenna. Therefore, according to the need of literature and practical engineering, this paper mainly focuses on the Cassegrain antenna, whose optical transmission performance is the subject of research and analysis. Firstly, the effect of linear thermal expansion on the transmission performance of optical antenna in thermal environment is discussed. Secondly, in order to solve the problem of energy loss caused by the central secondary mirror occlusion of the traditional Cassegrain antenna, the effect of linear thermal expansion on the transmission performance of the antenna is discussed. According to the basic principle and method of optical antenna system design, a new type of optical antenna system with more optimized structure is proposed, and the system is analyzed, simulated and studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the advantages and research significance of space optical communication are summarized, and the development trends and trends of space optical communication at home and abroad are summarized. The basic theory of optical antenna system and the classification of antenna are introduced through the analysis and understanding of the key technologies of space optical communication. The main characteristics of each type of optical antenna are summarized. Through the analysis of the working principle, basic structure and characteristics of several common optical antennas, the main points of the optical antenna design are summarized. Based on the theory of linear thermal expansion, the surface equations of paraboloid and hyperboloid mirror under linear thermal expansion are derived. Based on this model, the two modules of Cassegrain type antenna and receiving antenna with linear thermal expansion are modeled and analyzed respectively. With the help of vector reflection theorem, the ray tracing simulation results of transmitting antenna and receiving antenna are given by Matlab, respectively. The performance of the antenna is analyzed and summarized. (4) aiming at the energy loss caused by the occlusal of the central secondary mirror in the traditional Cassegrain antenna, a new type of tapered double-parabolic Cassegrain antenna with guide angle is proposed. The process of theoretical derivation, the analysis of system structure parameters and system performance are given, and the simulation research is carried out.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN820

【参考文献】