车载自组织网络数据传输机制研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 15:06

本文选题：车载自组织网络 + 多跳广播　；参考：《重庆邮电大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：智能交通系统的迅速发展,使车载自组织网络(Vehicular Ad hoc Networks,VANET)逐渐成为人们关注的焦点,VANET的应用主要包括安全类应用与服务类应用。车载自组织网络主要利用多跳广播进行数据传输,但由于广播固有的特点容易导致广播风暴等问题。本文针对高速公路环境下,采用现有的广播方式传输数据会产生广播风暴问题,提出两种解决方案。在有效抑制广播风暴的同时,也能提高数据传输的可靠性并降低传输数据的平均时延。首先,本文对课题的研究背景和意义进行了简要介绍,并阐述了车载自组织网络的概况、国内外的研究现状以及广播这种数据传输方式。其次,针对高速公路环境下,车载自组织网络利用多跳广播对数据进行转发时,相对速度的存在会对中继转发节点的选择产生影响,本文提出基于两跳邻居信息的多候选中继数据传输算法(MRDD),在选择中继转发节点时综合考虑速度、位置和方向三个因素的影响。该算法通过Hello Message的交换构建两跳邻居信息表来获取更多周围车辆的信息,从而选择最佳的转发节点对消息进行转发,减少消息传输的时延。此外,该算法将多个车辆节点作为候选转发节点,当最佳转发节点传输失败时,候选转发节点可对消息进行转发防止数据传输失败,从而提高消息传输的可靠性。然后,本文提出基于反方向车辆辅助的数据传输算法(OPP),利用反方向的车辆对数据进行转发,同向车辆只对数据进行接收而不再转发。在转发节点的选择过程中,对通信半径R进行了分段处理,根据段号的值决定最佳转发节点。在利用反方向行驶的车辆转发事故消息的过程中,可使数据包快速到达目标区域,减少网络时延。最后,采用NS2(Network Simulator Version 2)开源软件搭建仿真平台对本文所提的MRDD和OPP算法进行验证和结果分析。实验结果表明,与现有的算法相比,MRDD和OPP具有较低的平均时延和较高的可靠性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of Intelligent Transportation system (its), vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANET) has gradually become the focus of attention. The applications of VANET mainly include security applications and service applications. Multi-hop broadcasting is mainly used for data transmission in vehicle-mounted ad hoc networks, but it is easy to cause broadcast storms due to the inherent characteristics of broadcasting. In this paper, two solutions are proposed to solve the problem of broadcast storm caused by the transmission of data in expressway environment. While effectively suppressing broadcast storms, it can also improve the reliability of data transmission and reduce the average delay of transmission data. Firstly, this paper briefly introduces the research background and significance of the subject, and describes the general situation of vehicle-borne ad hoc networks, domestic and foreign research status and broadcast this data transmission mode. Secondly, under the environment of freeway, the existence of relative speed will influence the selection of relay forwarding nodes when multi-hop broadcasting is used to transmit the data in vehicle-mounted ad hoc networks. In this paper, a multi-candidate relay data transmission algorithm based on two-hop neighbor information is proposed. When selecting relay forwarding nodes, we consider three factors: speed, position and direction. The algorithm constructs a two-hop neighbor information table through the exchange of Hello Message to obtain more information about the surrounding vehicle, and then selects the best forwarding node to forward the message and reduces the delay of message transmission. In addition, the algorithm takes multiple vehicle nodes as candidate forwarding nodes. When the optimal forwarding node fails, the candidate forwarding node can forward the message to prevent the data transmission from failing, thus improving the reliability of message transmission. Then, this paper proposes a data transmission algorithm based on anti-directional vehicle assistance, which uses the anti-directional vehicle to forward the data, and the same direction vehicle only receives the data instead of forwarding the data. In the process of selecting forwarding nodes, the communication radius R is segmented, and the optimal forwarding node is determined according to the value of segment number. In the process of transmitting the accident message by using the vehicle driving in the opposite direction, the packet can reach the target area quickly and reduce the network delay. Finally, NS2(Network Simulator Version 2) is used to build a simulation platform to verify and analyze the MRDD and OPP algorithms mentioned in this paper. The experimental results show that compared with the existing algorithms, the MRDD and OPP have lower average delay and higher reliability.
【学位授予单位】：重庆邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN929.5;U495

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