车载自组织网络环境中AODV协议的性能研究及改进

发布时间：2018-06-04 12:20

本文选题：VANET网络 + 车辆移动模型　；参考：《长安大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：车载自组织网络(VANET,Vehicular Ad Hoc Network)具有车辆节点高速运动、网络拓扑变化频繁等特征,极易造成车辆间链路频繁断开、网络性能严重受损。因此,设计一种适用于VANET网络的高效路由算法对于网络性能的提升至关重要,同时对于城市交通拥堵和交通安全的改善具有重要意义。本文主要是在Linux系统上搭建了交通与网络的联合仿真平台,分析AODV协议应用于VANET场景下的性能及应用缺陷,设计了一种基于AODV协议的改进协议—LS_AODV(Improved AODV Routing Protocol Based on Link Stability),主要研究工作如下:(1)分析了几种经典的车辆移动模型及其原理,重点研究了符合VANET网络环境的车辆移动模型,在导入城市道路拓扑结构的基础上,设计了一种带有换道、超车功能的车辆移动模型,使仿真环境与实际交通环境更吻合,最后利用软件VanetMobiSim对车辆移动模型进行了仿真。(2)基于车辆移动模型对AODV路由协议进行仿真和性能评估。通过搭建VanetMobiSim与NS2联合仿真平台对AODV协议进行仿真,并分析车辆行驶速度、车辆节点数目和数据包发送速度的变化对网络性能所造成的影响。仿真结果表明,车辆行驶速度、车辆节点数目以及数据包发送速度的增加会使网络端到端平均时延增大,数据丢包率增多,数据分组投递率减小,从而导致网络性能下降。(3)分析AODV路由协议应用于VANET网络的缺陷,设计了一种性能更好的LS_AODV协议。首先,在路由发现阶段提出优先节点判断机制选择一部分转发性能较好的节点;其次,基于链路有效时间评估机制,从源节点到目的节点的多条路由中选择链路有效时间最长的路由作为主路径进行数据传输;最后,在路由维护阶段提出两种路由备份机制分别对局部路由和全局路由进行修复。
[Abstract]:The vehicle-borne ad hoc Ad Hoc Network) is characterized by high speed movement of vehicle nodes and frequent changes in network topology. It is easy to cause frequent disconnection of links between vehicles and serious damage to network performance. Therefore, it is very important to design an efficient routing algorithm for VANET networks to improve the performance of the network, and to improve urban traffic congestion and traffic safety. In this paper, a joint simulation platform of traffic and network is built on Linux system, and the performance and application defects of AODV protocol in VANET scenario are analyzed. An improved AODV Routing Protocol Based on Link stabilization protocol based on AODV protocol is designed. The main research work is as follows: (1) this paper analyzes several classical vehicle mobility models and their principles, and focuses on the study of vehicle mobility models in accordance with the VANET network environment. Based on the introduction of urban road topology, a vehicle moving model with the function of changing lanes and overtaking is designed, which makes the simulation environment more consistent with the actual traffic environment. Finally, the vehicle movement model is simulated by software VanetMobiSim. (2) based on the vehicle movement model, the simulation and performance evaluation of AODV routing protocol are carried out. The AODV protocol is simulated by building a joint simulation platform of VanetMobiSim and NS2, and the influence of vehicle driving speed, the number of vehicle nodes and the packet sending speed on the network performance is analyzed. The simulation results show that the increase of vehicle speed, the number of vehicle nodes and the transmission speed of data packets will increase the average end-to-end delay, increase the data packet loss rate and decrease the data packet delivery rate. As a result of the network performance decline, we analyze the defects of AODV routing protocol applied to VANET network, and design a LS_AODV protocol with better performance. First of all, in the phase of routing discovery, the decision mechanism of priority nodes is proposed to select some nodes with good forwarding performance. Secondly, based on the link effective time evaluation mechanism, Among the multiple routes from source node to destination node, the route with the longest link effective time is selected as the main path for data transmission. Finally, two routing backup mechanisms are proposed in the maintenance phase to repair the local route and the global route respectively.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.5;U495

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