基于节能的无线传感器网络跨层优化设计研究

发布时间：2018-06-06 20:07

本文选题：无线传感器网络 + 跨层优化　；参考：《沈阳理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着通信技术、集成电路技术、嵌入式技术以及无线通信技术的不断发展,低功耗、低成本多功能的无线传感器得到了广泛的应用。大量移动或者静止的传感器节点随机部署在人们很难到达的区域,以多跳和自组织的方式构成了无线传感器网络(WSN),WSN能实时采集与处理各种环境下的信息,并对兴趣目标进行长期监测。已经广泛应用在智能家居、农业生产、工业制造和医疗救护等常见领域,以及野外探险和太空探索等特殊领域。传感器节点通常会随机部署在环境多变的地方,使用电池供电,当电池能量耗尽将无法继续工作,因此无线传感器的能耗问题成为WSN的核心问题,人们针对能耗问题进行了大量研究并取得了一定成果,例如WSN拓扑结构的控制,数据融合技术、时钟同步技术、功率控制技术和WSN协议栈优化等技术的研究都能减少WSN能量的消耗。对传统分层优化模式进行学习研究,了解WSN各层协议功能与主要协议算法,传统分层优化模式设计简单,可以在一定程度上优化网络性能,但存在较为严重的局限性,各层间缺乏信息交互,容易产生容易数据,某一层的最优性能可能会降低其他层的性能,使整个网络性能达不到最优,因此需要使用跨层优化方法进一步优化网络,对现有跨层优化思想和方法学习。物理层、链路层和网络层联系紧密,与WSN的组网和通信有关,使用联合设计的跨层优化方法,联合设计物理层、链路层和网络层协议,提出一种跨层优化模型,提高各层间信息交互效率,优化网络的组网方式和通信方式,并将跨层优化模型应用到分簇路由算法中,制定更加合理的路由选择,建立更加优化的簇,选择更节能的通路进行数据转发,实现延长网络生命周期的目的。对分簇路由协议设计了仿真程序,对分簇路由算法对网络生命周期、节点剩余能量和对环境的适应能力进行仿真测试,验证跨层优化模型的正确性和有效性。
[Abstract]:With the development of communication technology, integrated circuit technology, embedded technology and wireless communication technology, wireless sensors with low power consumption and low cost have been widely used. A large number of mobile or static sensor nodes are deployed randomly in areas that are difficult for people to reach. WSNN WSN can collect and process information in various environments in a multi-hop and self-organizing way. And carry on the long-term monitoring to the interest target. Has been widely used in smart home, agricultural production, industrial manufacturing and medical care and other common areas, as well as field exploration and space exploration and other special areas. Sensor nodes are usually deployed randomly in places where the environment is changeable and powered by batteries. When the battery runs out of energy, it will not continue to work, so the problem of wireless sensor energy consumption becomes the core problem of WSN. A great deal of research has been done on energy consumption, such as the control of WSN topology, data fusion, clock synchronization, etc. The research of power control technology and WSN protocol stack optimization can reduce the energy consumption of WSN. This paper studies the traditional hierarchical optimization mode and finds out the functions and main protocol algorithms of WSN protocols. The traditional hierarchical optimization mode is simple to design and can optimize the network performance to a certain extent, but it has some serious limitations. Due to the lack of information exchange among the layers, it is easy to generate easy data. The optimal performance of one layer may reduce the performance of other layers and the performance of the whole network will not reach the optimal level, so it is necessary to further optimize the network by using cross-layer optimization method. Study the existing ideas and methods of cross-layer optimization. The physical layer, the link layer and the network layer are closely related to the networking and communication of WSN. The cross-layer optimization method of joint design is used to jointly design the physical layer, link layer and network layer protocol, and a cross-layer optimization model is proposed. Improve the efficiency of information exchange among different layers, optimize the networking and communication mode of the network, and apply the cross-layer optimization model to the clustering routing algorithm, make more reasonable routing selection, and establish more optimized clusters. Select a more energy-efficient path for data forwarding to achieve the purpose of prolonging the network life cycle. A simulation program is designed for clustering routing protocol. The validity and validity of the cross-layer optimization model are verified by simulating the network lifecycle, node residual energy and adaptability to the environment.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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