空空导弹雷达脉压及目标检测技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 19:40

本文选题：空空导弹 + 雷达导引系统　；参考：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：空空导弹是由载机挂载,从载机上进行发射,搜索截获空中目标后进行攻击并将其摧毁的导弹,并且在整个工作过程中载机和目标运动速度很快,是武器系统的一个独特分支。当前赢得高科技战争的关键就是夺取制空权,由于空空导弹在战争中的独特地位,成为世界上多个国家争先发展和装备的武器。传统空空导弹雷达导引系统制导大多采用高重频准连续波体制,它的优点在于发射占空比高、平均功率大,而且没有测速模糊,因此具有较远的作用距离;同时由于大多在无杂波区检测目标(低空下视尾追除外),具有一定的抗杂波能力。其缺点是下视尾追条件下受地面杂波影响比较大,导致检测性能大大降低,而且距离高度模糊,无法通过距离信息增加对目标的识别能力,提高抗干扰性能。随着飞行器和导弹的飞速发展,以及越发复杂的战场电磁环境,对雷达导引系统的综合能力提出了更高的要求。需要能够在雷达目标检测技术上进行优化提高性能,应用脉冲压缩技术,解决作用距离和功率的矛盾,增加距离信息的判断,提高导弹作战能力。本文主要对空空导弹雷达导引系统的脉压技术和目标检测技术进行了研究和方案设计,并进行了空空导弹雷达导引系统和信号处理系统的设计仿真。首先围绕空空导弹雷达脉压技术,分析了雷达脉压的基本原理以及实现方式,以及不同实现方式的优缺点;对常用的三种脉压信号:线性调频、非线性调频、相位编码信号进行了设计和仿真,分析了各自的优缺点。针对空空导弹的特点设计了脉压技术方案。对雷达常用检测技术:动目标显示技术、动目标检测技术、恒虚警技术的原理、特点进行了仿真分析,并设计了适合空空导弹的目标检测方案和恒虚警处理方案。结合空空导弹导引系统设计,探讨了导引系统设计时的波形设计,信号处理系统参数设计及目标检测算法设计,并进行了仿真。对动目标检测技术、高重频和中重频的恒虚警技术、中重频脉压技术在弹上的应用进行了验证,并给出了实际使用效果,并对以后的改进和优化提出了建议。
[Abstract]:Air-to-air missile (AAM) is a missile which is mounted by a carrier, launched from a carrier, attacked and destroyed by searching and intercepting an air target. It is a unique branch of the weapon system that carries the aircraft and the target moving very fast in the whole process of work. At present, the key to win the high-tech war is to seize the air power. Because of the unique position of the air-to-air missile in the war, it has become a weapon for many countries in the world to develop and equip first. The guidance of traditional air-to-air missile radar guidance system mostly adopts high repetition frequency quasi continuous wave system. Its advantages are high duty cycle, high average power, and no velocity ambiguity, so it has a long range. At the same time, most targets are detected in the region without clutter (except for the tail chase at low altitude), so they have a certain ability to resist clutter. Its shortcoming is that it is greatly affected by ground clutter under the condition of down-looking tail pursuit, which results in a great decrease in detection performance and a high ambiguity in distance, which can not increase the ability of target recognition through distance information and improve the anti-jamming performance. With the rapid development of aerocraft and missile, and the increasingly complex battlefield electromagnetic environment, the integrated capability of radar guidance system has been put forward higher requirements. It is necessary to optimize and improve the performance of radar target detection technology, apply pulse compression technology, solve the conflict between range and power, increase the judgment of range information, and improve missile combat capability. In this paper, the pulse compression technology and target detection technology of air-to-air missile radar guidance system are studied and designed, and the design and simulation of air-to-air missile radar guidance system and signal processing system are carried out. Firstly, the basic principle and realization of radar pulse compression, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of different methods are analyzed around the radar pulse compression technology of air-to-air missile, and three commonly used pulse compression signals: linear frequency modulation (LFM), nonlinear frequency modulation (FFM), nonlinear frequency modulation (FFM) are analyzed. The phase coding signal is designed and simulated, and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. According to the characteristics of the air-to-air missile, a pulse compression scheme is designed. The principle and characteristics of radar detection techniques such as moving target display technology, moving target detection technology and constant false alarm technology are simulated and analyzed. The target detection scheme and CFAR processing scheme suitable for air-to-air missile are designed. Combined with the design of air-to-air missile guidance system, the waveform design, signal processing system parameter design and target detection algorithm design are discussed and simulated. The applications of moving target detection technology, CFAR technology of high repetition frequency and middle repetition frequency, and pulse compression technology of middle repetition frequency in missile are verified, and the practical application results are given, and suggestions for future improvement and optimization are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TJ762.23;TN957.51

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