基于免疫算法的基站选址问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-12 19:10

本文选题：基站选址 + 建站成本　；参考：《大连理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线电通讯技术的发展和智能手机的出现增大了用户对无线网络服务的要求。无线网络服务主要由电信公司所设置的基站提供,基站位置的选择很大程度上影响了所提供服务的质量和建站的成本。同时,随着4G手机和网络服务的出现,急需新建大量的基站。而基站选址是一个与建设成本、覆盖范围、信号质量等多个因素相关的问题。合理进行基站选址,一方面可以为客户提供高质量、广覆盖的网络服务,另一方面可以为通信公司减少成本、节约资源。因此,如何合理进行基站选址,用较少的建站代价获得较高的覆盖率是一个亟待解决的问题。针对上述问题,本文首先根据基站选址的原则,分析影响站址选择的重要因素,概括为地理环境因素和需求环境因素,它们构成了站址选择的综合环境因素。接着提出了一个考虑影响基站选址建设成本、覆盖范围和建站环境的站址选择数学模型。通过对比用于解决基站选址问题的多种不同方法,分析它们的特点和适用性,并运用收敛速度较快,能够通过记忆库保留优势解并且能够保证种群多样性又不易早熟收敛的人工免疫算法求解基站选址问题。进一步,以辽宁省鞍山地区为例,运用免疫算法对鞍山地区选定目标区域的基站选址方案进行研究。在实例中,用本文提出的综合考虑基站成本、覆盖范围和建站适宜度的数学模型对算法过程中得到的选址方案进行评价,获得最终的建站方案后与已有选址方法所得方案进行对比实验,结果表明在实际的基站选址问题中,本文方法能够得到更好的选址方案。
[Abstract]:The development of wireless communication technology and the emergence of smart phones have increased the demand for wireless network services. Wireless network services are mainly provided by the base stations set up by telecom companies. The choice of base station location greatly affects the quality of the services provided and the cost of building the stations. At the same time, with the emergence of 4G mobile phones and network services, a large number of new base stations are urgently needed. Base station location is a problem related to construction cost, coverage, signal quality and other factors. On the one hand, it can provide high quality and wide coverage network service for customers, on the other hand, it can reduce the cost and save resources for the communication company. Therefore, how to select the base station reasonably and get higher coverage rate with less construction cost is an urgent problem to be solved. According to the principle of base station location, this paper first analyzes the important factors that affect site selection, and summarizes them as geographical environmental factors and demand environmental factors, which constitute the comprehensive environmental factors of site selection. Then, a mathematical model of site selection considering the cost, coverage and environment of base station location is proposed. By comparing many different methods used to solve the problem of base station location, the characteristics and applicability of these methods are analyzed, and the convergence rate is faster. The artificial immune algorithm (AIA), which can preserve the superior solution of the memory bank and ensure the diversity of the population and is not easy to converge prematurely, can be used to solve the base station location problem. Furthermore, taking Anshan area of Liaoning Province as an example, the base station location scheme of selected target area in Anshan area is studied by using immune algorithm. In an example, the mathematical model proposed in this paper, which considers the cost, coverage and suitability of the base station, is used to evaluate the location scheme of the algorithm. The results show that the proposed method can obtain a better location scheme in the actual base station selection problem.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN929.5

【参考文献】