面向移动接入小规模水声传感器网的时分多址MAC协议研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 20:55

本文选题：水声传感器网络 + MAC协议　；参考：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：水声传感器网络因其传播时延大,误码率高,多径现象严重,多普勒效应明显,可用带宽窄等的特点,无法使用陆地上成熟的MAC协议,而MAC协议主要负责分配共享的信道资源,减少节点传输的数据包的碰撞,对于网络的正常通信至关重要。本文在充分考虑到水声传感器网络特点的基础上,针对移动节点接入小规模固定传感器网络这一特殊应用,设计出能保证移动节点及时无碰撞接入的水下MAC协议。针对移动节点接入小规模单跳传感器网络,本文设计了 LTM-MAC协议。在有移动节点接入时,给予移动节点足够高的优先级,让其及时、无碰撞地接入静态网络发送数据;而在无移动节点接入时固定节点就按照使得空闲等待时延最小的发送顺序来发送数据。仿真和实验表明LTM-MAC协议在吞吐率,能量有效性尤其是移动节点的接入时延等方面均体现出了优越性。针对移动节点接入小规模多跳传感器网络,本文设计了 TMM-MAC协议。为应对隐藏终端和暴露终端问题研究设计高效的时隙分配算法,制定移动节点接入机制,并利用多跳特性,允许与移动节点互不干扰的固定节点并行发送数据,从而提高信道的利用效率。另外,考虑到水下传播时延大的问题,根据数据包的长短设计出不同的发送机制,从而充分利用信道,提高网络吞吐率。仿真和实验表明TMM-MAC达到了设计要求,除了更高的吞吐率和能量使用效率之外,能保证移动节点更快接入。
[Abstract]:Due to its large propagation delay, high bit error rate, serious multipath phenomenon, obvious Doppler effect and available bandwidth, underwater acoustic sensor networks are unable to use the mature MAC protocol on land. The MAC protocol is mainly responsible for allocating shared channel resources. Reducing the collision of data packets transmitted by nodes is very important for the normal communication of the network. Based on considering the characteristics of underwater acoustic sensor networks and aiming at the special application of mobile nodes accessing small scale fixed sensor networks, this paper designs an underwater MAC protocol which can guarantee the collision free access of mobile nodes in time. In this paper, LTM-MAC protocol is designed for mobile nodes to access small scale single hop sensor networks. When there is a mobile node access, the mobile node is given sufficient priority so that it can access the static network to send data in a timely and collision-free manner. In the absence of mobile node access, the fixed node sends the data in the order that the idle waiting delay is minimized. Simulation and experiments show that LTM-MAC protocol has advantages in throughput, energy efficiency, especially the access delay of mobile nodes. In this paper, TMM-MAC protocol is designed for mobile nodes to access small scale multi-hop sensor networks. In order to solve the problem of hidden terminal and exposed terminal, an efficient slot allocation algorithm is designed, and a mobile node access mechanism is developed, and the multi-hop feature is used to allow the mobile node to send data in parallel with the fixed node that is not interfering with each other. Thus, the efficiency of channel utilization is improved. In addition, considering the problem of large underwater propagation delay, different transmission mechanisms are designed according to the length of data packets, so as to make full use of the channel and improve the throughput of the network. Simulation and experimental results show that TMM-MAC meets the design requirements and can ensure faster access to mobile nodes in addition to higher throughput and energy efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.3;TP212.9

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