VANETs中安全认证与隐私保护的研究

发布时间：2018-06-17 02:32

本文选题：车载自组织网络 + 安全认证　；参考：《安徽大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代社会车辆的普及,停车困难、交通堵塞、交通事故等一系列交通问题频繁发生。由此,交通管理,安全驾驶和交通信息交换问题引起了越来越多的关注。车载自组织网络(Vehicle Ad-hoc Networks,VANETs)作为智能交通系统的重要组成部分被认为是解决或缓解现有交通问题的关键。然而VANETs对于现有交通系统来说是一把双刃剑,其在为人们提供便利的同时,也带来诸多挑战。其中,安全与隐私是VANETs能否迅速发展并走入大规模应用的关键性问题。本研究主要关注VANETs中的安全认证与隐私保护问题,在对现有VANETs中的安全认证技术和隐私保护技术进行总结分析的基础上,设计出适应于VANETs环境特点且满足安全需求的高效解决方案。本文的主要工作及贡献如下:1.提出VANETs中一种高效的匿名批认证协议,缓解了现有方案中高计算开销和高通信开销引起的系统性能问题。本文结合批认证和消息可恢复签名提出一种高效的认证方案,与现有方案不同,本文方案可以使用批认证操作同时认证多条消息。因此,本文方案可以显著的缩短总体认证时间。同时由于消息可恢复签名的使用,所以可以在一定程度上降低传输开销。在安全性证明部分,除了对常见攻击模型抵抗的分析,如伪装攻击、合谋攻击等。我们还在随机预言模型下证明了本文方案中消息的不可伪造性。最后在理论分析和实验仿真部分,通过与现有方案对比,展示了本文方案在计算开销和通信开销上的优势,更加具有实用性。2.针对现有VANETs中Mix-zone方案灵活性低以及隐私保护力度不够的问题,提出了一种交通自适应的动态Mix-zone方案来保护VANETs中车辆用户的位置隐私。本文提出一种新的交通自适应度量方法来评估Mix-zone,并且该度量方法可用于找出最佳Mix-zone。在此基础上,本文根据道路网络的无向带权连通图提出一种动态Mix-zone创建方案,该方案允许VANETs系统在车辆请求更换假名时为车辆动态的创建Mix-zone。最后在性能评估部分,我们使用城市出租车的GPS数据来产生车辆的移动轨迹,并对应到真实的城市道路网络中。通过真实车辆移动轨迹数据集进行实验,展示了本文方案在真实环境下对车辆位置隐私保护的性能。
[Abstract]:With the popularization of vehicles in modern society, a series of traffic problems, such as parking difficulties, traffic congestion and traffic accidents, have occurred frequently. Thus, traffic management, safe driving and traffic information exchange have attracted more and more attention. The Vehicle Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) is an important part of the intelligent transportation system. It is considered to be the key to solving or alleviating existing traffic problems. However, VANETs is a double-edged sword for existing traffic systems, and it also brings many challenges to the convenience of people. Among them, security and privacy are the key problems of whether VANETs can develop rapidly and enter large-scale applications. This research focuses on VANETs. The problem of security authentication and privacy protection is based on the summary and analysis of the security authentication technology and privacy protection technology in the existing VANETs. This paper designs an efficient solution adapted to the features of the VANETs environment and meets the security requirements. The main work and contributions of this paper are as follows: 1. a highly efficient anonymous batch authentication Association in VANETs is proposed. It alleviates the system performance problems caused by high computing overhead and high communication overhead in existing schemes. This paper proposes an efficient authentication scheme based on batch authentication and message recovery signatures, which is different from existing schemes. This scheme can use batch authentication operations to authenticate multiple messages at the same time. Therefore, this scheme can significantly shorten the total number of messages. In addition to the analysis of the resistance of the common attack models, such as the camouflage attack and the conspiracy attack, we also prove the non Forgability of the message in the random oracle model. The theoretical analysis and experimental simulation part, by comparing with the existing schemes, shows the advantages of this scheme in computing overhead and communication overhead, and more practical.2. is more practical in view of the low flexibility of the Mix-zone scheme in the existing VANETs and the lack of privacy protection. A traffic adaptive dynamic Mix-zone scheme is proposed to protect it. The location privacy of vehicle users in VANETs. This paper proposes a new traffic adaptive measurement method to evaluate the Mix-zone, and this measurement method can be used to find the best Mix-zone. based on it. This paper proposes a dynamic Mix-zone creation scheme based on the undirected connected graph of road network, which allows the VANETs system to be in the vehicle. In order to replace the pseudonym for vehicle dynamic creation Mix-zone. finally in the performance evaluation section, we use the city taxi's GPS data to produce the vehicle movement track, and corresponding to the real urban road network. Through the real vehicle moving trajectory data set experiment, show the location of this scheme in the real environment of vehicle location. The performance of privacy protection.
【学位授予单位】：安徽大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U463.6;TN929.5;TP309

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