波形采样的激光探测技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 06:47

  本文选题：激光雷达 + 全波形采样　； 参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于激光技术与电子学技术水平的不断提高,激光雷达技术也得到了迅猛的发展。目前,激光雷达应用已十分广泛,在军事、民用、科研等领域应用很多,特别是无人平台、机器人导航、交通安全、文物无损测量等领域,展现出无限的应用前景。但是随着对丰富信息获取需求的增加,传统的激光雷达已无法完全满足这一要求,此时全波形激光雷达随之诞生,由于其可以记录下完整的波形数据的特点,从而获得完整的目标信息,被不断重视。本文首先对全波形激光雷达系统的设计展开了深入的研究。根据对国内外激光雷达和全波形激光雷达的研究进展进行了充分的调研与分析,找出了全波形激光雷达研究上的不足,并根据这些不足,设计了一套同轴双通道的全波形激光雷达数字化采样探测系统。并通过对系统内各单元参数的计算分析,匹配合适的设备,使其可以最大化的发挥系统性能。然后利用ZEMAX和TracePro这两款光学仿真软件对探测系统进行仿真设计,并通过仿真实验对系统进行合理的优化。再利用Matlab软件对探测中可能出现的一些典型目标的回波进行模拟和仿真分析,从而总结发射脉冲与典型目标作用后,返回脉冲波形与典型目标的对应关系。接下来利用设计的波形采样探测系统对一些近距离的典型目标进行验证性探测实验,对探测到的波形数据进行比较分析,从而验证仿真结果是否正确。随后对系统内的发射与接收单元进行小幅调整,进而对远距离的目标进行探测,利用后文介绍的波形数据处理的方法,对波形进行处理,最后生成探测物的高程图像。最后根据探测到的全波形数据,提出了合理的回波数据处理的思路和方法。并针对不同的波形数据设计了不同的波形数据预处理的方法,并利用高斯波形分解的方法进行波形分解,实验结果表明高斯分解算法可有效的对回波信号中的多目标进行分解。
[Abstract]:Because of the continuous improvement of laser technology and electronics technology, laser radar technology has also developed rapidly. At present, the application of laser radar has been widely used in military, civil, scientific research and other fields, especially unmanned platform, robot navigation, traffic safety, nondestructive measurement of cultural relics and so on. But with the increasing demand for rich information acquisition, the traditional laser radar has been unable to fully meet this requirement. At this time, the full waveform laser radar is born. Because it can record the characteristics of the complete waveform data, so as to obtain the complete target information, it is constantly attached importance to. This paper first set up the full waveform lidar system. According to the research and analysis of the research progress of laser radar and fully waveform lidar at home and abroad, the shortcomings of the full waveform lidar are found out. According to these shortcomings, a set of fully waveform radars digital sampling detection system with coaxial two channels is designed. The parameters of each unit are calculated and analyzed to match the appropriate equipment so that it can maximize the performance of the system. Then the two optical simulation software ZEMAX and TracePro are used to simulate the detection system, and the system is optimized by the simulation experiment. Then, some possible Matlab software can be used for the detection of the system. The echo of the typical target is simulated and simulated, and then the corresponding relationship between the pulse waveform and the typical target is returned after the effect of the emission pulse and the typical target. Then, the designed waveform sampling detection system is used to test some typical targets near the distance, and the detected waveform data are compared. To verify the correctness of the simulation results, a small amplitude adjustment of the transmitting and receiving units in the system is followed, and then the remote target is detected. The waveform is processed and the Gao Cheng image of the detectable object is generated by using the waveform data processing method introduced later. Finally, the full waveform data detected are proposed. The ideas and methods of echo data processing is reasonable. And the design method of waveform data preprocessing for different waveform data, and using the method of waveform decomposition Gauss waveform decomposition, the experimental results show that the Gauss decomposition algorithm can be effective for multi target echo signal was decomposed.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN958.98
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本文编号：2047645