小长径比多轴自动锁螺丝机运动控制系统设计

发布时间：2018-06-22 22:21

本文选题：小长径比螺丝 + 多轴自动锁螺丝机　；参考：《厦门理工学院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着车载电视等数码设备越来越多出现在汽车上,这类电子设备通常采用小长径比螺丝进行锁付和固定内部元件。然而,目前企业主要的生产方式仍依靠人工利用电动拧紧工具进行螺丝锁付,随着用工成本的增加和对产品质量要求的提升,企业开始寻求小长径比螺丝的自动化锁付设备代替人工锁付。本文针对小长径比螺丝的锁付工艺,设计了小长径比多轴自动锁螺丝机运动控制系统,实现了小长径比螺丝的高效锁付。一、针对小长径比螺丝锁付的工艺流程,设计了小长径比多轴自动锁螺丝机的控制方案及电气系统,对关键电气元件进行选型,完成了电气系统的接线,构建了小长径比多轴自动锁螺丝机样机一台,并对样机进行综合调试,为小长径比多轴自动锁螺丝机运动控制软件的开发提供了硬件基础。二、利用运动控制卡提供的动态链接库开发运动控制软件,直线轴伺服电机采用位置控制可快速准确定位,而螺丝拧紧采用扭矩法控制,可准确判断螺丝拧紧情况,通过工件信息获取电批运动位置,实现小长径比螺丝的自动锁付。三、分析机械结构,基于设备运动坐标系,选取运动过程中关键点,利用MATLAB进行曲线拟合,求解出路径方程,优化运动路径,再利用运动控制卡轮廓运动插补实现所需运动曲线,从而提高锁付效率,减小设备运动过程中的振动问题。四、通过实验对路径优化结果进行评价。针对锁付时间和振动进行相应测试实验,对比优化前后锁付相同工件所用时间及机台振动情况,判断路径优化的效果。本设计完成了小长径比多轴自动锁螺丝机样机控制系统一套及其配套的运动控制软件。通过实验验证,优化后,小长径比多轴自动锁螺丝机锁付48寸背板平均用时19.08s,比企业人工锁付时间缩短约4s,成功率达98.5%,可满足企业要求。
[Abstract]:As more and more digital devices such as on-board TV are used in automobiles, these electronic devices usually use small aspect ratio screws for locking and fixing internal components. However, at present, the main mode of production of enterprises still relies on manual use of electric tightening tools for screw locking, with the increase of labor costs and the improvement of product quality requirements. Enterprises began to seek small aspect ratio screw automatic locking equipment instead of manual locking. In this paper, the motion control system of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine with small aspect ratio is designed for the locking technology of small aspect ratio screw, which realizes the high efficiency locking of small aspect ratio screw. First, the control scheme and electrical system of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine with small aspect ratio are designed for the process of locking screw with small aspect ratio. The key electrical components are selected and the wiring of the electrical system is completed. A prototype of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine with small aspect ratio is constructed, and the prototype is comprehensively debugged, which provides a hardware basis for the development of motion control software of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine with small aspect ratio. Secondly, the motion control software is developed by using the dynamic link library provided by the motion control card. The position control of the linear axis servo motor can be used to locate the position quickly and accurately, while the screw tightening is controlled by the torque method, which can accurately judge the tightening situation of the screw. The position of the electric batches is obtained by the information of the workpiece, and the automatic locking of the screws with small aspect ratio is realized. Thirdly, the mechanical structure is analyzed, based on the equipment motion coordinate system, the key points in the process of motion are selected, the curve fitting is carried out by MATLAB, the path equation is solved, and the motion path is optimized. Then the contour motion interpolation of the motion control card is used to realize the required motion curve, so as to improve the locking efficiency and reduce the vibration problem in the motion process of the equipment. Fourthly, the results of path optimization are evaluated through experiments. According to the locking time and vibration, the experiment is carried out to compare the time used to lock the same workpiece and the vibration of the machine before and after the optimization, and to judge the effect of path optimization. This design completes a set of motion control software for the control system of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine with small aspect ratio. The experimental results show that the average length to diameter ratio of multi-axis automatic screw locking machine is 19.08 s, which is about 4 s shorter than that of manual locking, and the success rate is 98.5%, which can meet the requirements of enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：厦门理工学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：U463.6

【参考文献】