具有多重阻带特性的平面小型超宽带天线的研究和设计

发布时间：2018-06-26 12:32

本文选题：陷波功能 + 开口谐振环　；参考：《广东工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着高清图片、视频、流媒体等大量复杂信息的高速数据传输成为当今社会的日益迫切的新需求,对无线通信系统的带宽、传输速率等提出了更高的要求。超宽带通信技术成为无线通信领域中最有竞争力和发展前景的技术之一,并成功应用于通信传感、高分辨率雷达、无线定位追踪、监控等领域。美国联邦通信委员会于2002年将超宽带无线通信业务分配为3.1 GHz-10.6 GHz频段,超宽带通信系统成为国内外学术界和工商界研究的新热点。超宽带天线是超宽带系统中最重要的组成部分之一,担负了收发信号等重要任务。然而随着各种窄带通信系统不断增多,频谱资源也日益紧张。目前全球微波接入互操作系统和无线局域网等窄带无线通信系统的工作频段包含于超宽带无线通信频段内,为了抑制各个通信系统之间的潜在干扰,将这些频段从超宽带频段中隔离出去。因此需要设计出具有阻带特性即陷波功能的超宽带天线,使天线在这些窄带频段呈现出阻带或者“钝化”特性,即无法有效的辐射和接收空间中的电磁波。本文的主要研究和创新工作总结如下:[1]本文简述了超宽带天线的发展历史和基本理论以及陷波超宽带天线的发展和研究现状。[2]本文首先设计了第一款平面球拍形单极子双陷波超宽带天线,通过分别在球拍形辐射贴片和矩形馈电线上蚀刻倒C形槽和类U形槽,实现两个陷波频段(3.3 GHz-3.7 GHz,5.15 GHz-5.825 GHz)。接着,本文设计了第二款平面椭圆缝隙结构的超宽带天线,为后文的三重陷波天线做技术铺垫。最后,根据第一款天线的陷波技术和第二款天线的研究基础,本文设计了第三款具有三重陷波特性的超宽带天线,通过在基板底面添加一个不对称开口的谐振环,以实现该天线在X波段卫星通信系统(7.25 GHz-8.4GHz)频段产生陷波特性。[3]本文作者加工了三款天线,其S_(11)和电压驻波比表明:设计的天线工作频段能够完整覆盖超宽带频段,在需要陷波的窄带通信频段具备良好的带阻、陷波功能,实物测量和软件仿真的结果大致统一。天线的2D/3D辐射方向图表明:两款陷波天线在超宽带通信系统的工作频段内具有稳定的、统一的辐射特性,在陷波频段表现出较好的带阻特性,具有一定的实用价值。
[Abstract]:With the high speed data transmission of high definition picture, video, streaming media and other complex information, it is becoming an urgent new demand for wireless communication system bandwidth, transmission rate and so on. Ultra-wideband (UWB) communication technology has become one of the most competitive and promising technologies in the field of wireless communication, and has been successfully applied in the fields of communication sensing, high-resolution radar, wireless positioning tracking, monitoring and so on. UWB wireless communication service was allocated to 3.1 GHz ~ 10.6 GHz band by the Federal Communications Commission in 2002. UWB communication system has become a new research hotspot in academic and industrial circles at home and abroad. UWB antenna is one of the most important components of UWB system. However, with the increasing number of narrowband communication systems, spectrum resources are becoming increasingly scarce. At present, the working frequency bands of narrowband wireless communication systems such as the global microwave access mutual operating system and wireless local area network are included in the frequency band of ultra-wideband wireless communication. In order to suppress the potential interference between various communication systems, Isolate these bands from the UWB band. Therefore, it is necessary to design an ultra-wideband antenna with stopband characteristic, i.e. notch wave function, so that the antenna presents stopband or "passivation" characteristics in these narrow band bands, that is, the electromagnetic wave in the space of radiation and reception cannot be effectively radiated. The main research and innovation work of this paper are summarized as follows: [1] the development history and basic theory of UWB antenna and the development and research status of notch UWB antenna are briefly described in this paper. [2] the first planar racket shape is designed in this paper. Monopole double notch UWB antenna, Two notch bands (3.3 GHz-3.7 GHz ~ 5.15 GHz ~ 5.825 GHz) are realized by etching inverted C-shaped slot and U-like groove on the racket radiation patch and rectangular feed line, respectively. Then, the second UWB antenna with elliptical slot structure is designed, which lays the groundwork for the triple-notch antenna. Finally, according to the notch technique of the first antenna and the research foundation of the second antenna, the third UWB antenna with triple notch characteristic is designed, by adding an asymmetric resonant ring to the bottom of the substrate. In order to realize the trapping characteristic of the antenna in X-band satellite communication system (7.25GHz-8.4GHz), three antennas have been fabricated in this paper. The S _ (11) and VSWR of the antenna show that the designed antenna can fully cover the UWB band. It has good bandstop, notch function, physical measurement and software simulation results in narrow band communication band where notch wave is needed. The 2D / 3D radiation pattern of the antenna shows that the two notch antennas have stable and uniform radiation characteristics in the operating frequency band of UWB communication system, and show good bandstop characteristics in the notch frequency band, and have certain practical value.
【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN822.8

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