基站动环监控系统的硬件设计与实现

发布时间：2018-06-29 06:50

本文选题：基站监控 + 数据采集　；参考：《电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：基站动环监控设备是一套保证基站正常运行不可或缺的监控设备。随着基站的不断增加,监控设备的需求也在增加,而已有的监控设备在基站监控能力方面越来越不能满足当代智能监控要求,也亟需更新换代,因此需要设计新一代的基站动环监控设备。该设备不仅能够实现对温度、湿度等基站环境量地监测,也能实现对基站智能设备进行监控,同时监控设备能够具备接入视频摄像头的能力和具备3G/4G上网的能力。考虑到动环监控设备处于电磁环境比较恶劣的基站中,设备接口时常遭受到强烈的电磁干扰,因此为了保证监控设备的可靠运行,需要在硬件电路设计时提高设备的电磁兼容防护水平,确保设备能够长时间可靠运行。基于设备性能需求和电磁防护要求,设计了一套新的动环监控系统硬件平台。动环监控系统整体方案设计,要符合遥测、遥调、遥控、遥信标准,满足对基站设备的监控要求。此次系统设计采用C/S两级架构,在系统数据采集端使用多个处理器实现数据的采集与传输,用MC9S08型号MCU对环境非智能设备传感器信号进行采集与控制,采用ARM控制板实现对智能设备监控。在电路设计时,需要分析基站需要设备的类型以及环境监控量的数据类型,并据此设计相应的采集电路,实现监控功能。监控设备处于基站中,而基站电磁环境比较恶劣,因此对监控系统的电路EMC设计提出了更高的要求,尤其是对端口输入的防浪涌设计。通过对电路的仿真与实验,设计方案需要达到最新的规范要求。根据基站监控硬件平台设计要求,论文研究主要包括以下方面:(1)分析监控设备需要支持的硬件接口类型,设计整体硬件平台接入方案;(2)分析监控系统采集对象类型及数据通讯传输特性,对比分析和选择合适的功能电路,完成基本采集上传和接受控制指令产生动作的要求;(3)为采集端口设计合适的浪涌防护电路。结合采集电路和通讯电路的电气特性,分析浪涌防护技术的特点,同时建立PSCAD浪涌防护模型对浪涌防护拓扑进行相关特性研究,对比仿真参数选用合适的浪涌防护电路和防护器件,达到合理安全防护;(4)研究设计直流电源EMI滤波器。分析内置DC/DC电源传导骚扰问题,并建立了 PSpice高频等效仿真模型,仿真和试验分析优化元件参数,使接入了滤波器的监控设备达到A类水平;(5)完成底层软件实现,同时针对设计的样机进行性能试验测试。
[Abstract]:Base station moving-ring monitoring equipment is an indispensable monitoring equipment to ensure the normal operation of base station. With the continuous increase of base stations, the demand for monitoring equipment is also increasing, and the existing monitoring equipment in the base station monitoring ability is increasingly unable to meet the requirements of modern intelligent monitoring, and also needs to be updated. Therefore, it is necessary to design a new generation of base station moving-ring monitoring equipment. The device can not only monitor the environment of base station such as temperature and humidity, but also monitor the intelligent equipment of base station. At the same time, the device can have the ability to connect to video camera and the ability of 3G / 4G. Considering that the mobile ring monitoring equipment is in the base station where the electromagnetic environment is relatively bad, the device interface is often subjected to strong electromagnetic interference, so in order to ensure the reliable operation of the monitoring equipment, It is necessary to improve the EMC protection level of the equipment in the design of hardware circuit to ensure that the equipment can run reliably for a long time. Based on the requirements of equipment performance and electromagnetic protection, a new hardware platform of moving ring monitoring system is designed. The whole scheme design of moving ring monitoring system should conform to the standards of telemetry, remote adjustment, remote control and remote communication, and meet the monitoring requirements of base station equipment. The system is designed with C / S two-level architecture. The data acquisition and transmission are realized by multiple processors at the data acquisition end of the system. The signal of the sensor is collected and controlled by MC9S08 MCU, and the signal of the sensor is collected and controlled by MC9S08. Arm control board is used to monitor intelligent equipment. In the design of the circuit, it is necessary to analyze the type of the equipment and the data type of the environmental monitoring quantity, and to design the corresponding collection circuit to realize the monitoring function. The monitoring equipment is in the base station, but the electromagnetic environment of the base station is relatively bad, so the EMC design of the monitoring system circuit is required higher, especially the anti-surge design of the port input. Through the simulation and experiment of the circuit, the design scheme needs to meet the requirements of the latest specifications. According to the design requirements of the base station monitoring hardware platform, this paper mainly includes the following aspects: (1) analyzing the hardware interface type that the monitoring equipment needs to support, Design the whole hardware platform access scheme; (2) analyze the collection object type and data communication transmission characteristics of the monitoring system, compare and select the appropriate functional circuit, (3) designing appropriate surge protection circuit for the acquisition port. Combined with the electrical characteristics of acquisition circuit and communication circuit, the characteristics of surge protection technology are analyzed. At the same time, a PSCAD surge protection model is established to study the related characteristics of surge protection topology. Compare the simulation parameters to select appropriate surge protection circuit and protective devices to achieve reasonable safety protection. (4) the design of DC power EMI filter. The problem of conduction disturbance in DC-DC power supply is analyzed, and the high-frequency equivalent simulation model of PSpice is established. The simulation and experimental analysis optimize the component parameters to make the monitoring equipment with filter reach A level. (5) the realization of bottom software is completed. At the same time, the performance of the prototype is tested.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP277

【参考文献】