基于阵列天线的压缩感知定位研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 18:06

  本文选题：阵列天线 + 压缩感知　； 参考：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：对于无线定位技术的研究与应用,一直是微波领域的热点。阵列天线因其灵活的阵列布局,多变的波束结构,优异的抗干扰能力,在无线定位领域得到了广泛的使用。现有的阵列天线定位系统一般都是基于数字阵列天线架构设计的,利用高速ADC对信号进行采样,然后通过对海量数据的处理获得定位数据。本论文提出了一种基于阵列天线的压缩感知定位方法,该方法有别于其他阵列天线定位系统,在于其不再关注阵列天线具体的波束结构,而是在单一频点上,结合压缩感知技术,利用阵列天线产生的随机辐射场来实现无线定位。压缩感知对比传统的奈奎斯特采样定律,该技术仅仅依靠稀疏采样就能重构目标的原始位置,可以在减少定位系统数据采集量的同时提高定位精度。本文从压缩感知定位模型出发,分析了阵列天线无线定位与压缩感知的关系,将压缩感知技术运用到阵列天线无线定位中。最终利用仿真软件建立定位模型,仿真结果验证了该无线定位方法可以在2 GHz频率点处对目标实现有效的定位。另外从阵列天线无线定位系统的需求出发,本文在前人基础上进一步提出一种复数域概念的阵列天线系统架构,该架构克服了现在主流数字域阵列天线对高速数字器件的依赖,较传统的模拟阵列天线架构又有着更为高效的性能,该架构可以快速精确的控制天线单元幅度与相位,便于阵列天线随机辐射场的产生。文章详细阐述了复数域阵列天线系统架构各个模块的设计、制作以及调试过程。最后本论文利用上述基于阵列天线的压缩感知定位方法和复数域硬件架构,在暗室环境中,搭建实验平台进行定位测试,实验结果表明上述定位方法和硬件架构在单一频率点可以对观测区域内的目标实现有效定位。
[Abstract]:The research and application of wireless positioning technology has been a hot spot in microwave field. Array antenna is widely used in wireless location field because of its flexible array layout, variable beam structure and excellent anti-jamming ability. The existing array antenna positioning system is generally designed based on the digital array antenna architecture. The high-speed ADC is used to sample the signal, and then the location data is obtained by processing the massive data. In this paper, a compression sensing localization method based on array antenna is proposed. This method is different from other array antenna positioning systems, because it no longer pays attention to the specific beam structure of array antenna, but at a single frequency point. Combined with compressed sensing technology, the random radiation field generated by array antenna is used to realize wireless location. Compared with the traditional Nyquist sampling law, compressed sensing can reconstruct the original position of the target only by sparse sampling, which can reduce the data acquisition of the positioning system and improve the positioning accuracy. Based on the compression sensing model, the relationship between antenna array wireless location and compression sensing is analyzed in this paper, and the compression sensing technology is applied to array antenna wireless location. Finally, the simulation software is used to establish the localization model. The simulation results show that the wireless location method can effectively locate the target at 2GHz frequency. In addition, based on the requirements of array antenna wireless positioning system, this paper proposes a complex domain concept of array antenna system architecture, which overcomes the dependence of current mainstream digital antenna array antenna on high-speed digital devices. Compared with the traditional analogue array antenna architecture, this architecture can quickly and accurately control the amplitude and phase of the antenna elements, and facilitate the generation of the random radiation field of the array antenna. In this paper, the design, fabrication and debugging of each module of complex array antenna system are described in detail. Finally, the thesis uses the compressed sensing localization method based on array antenna and the complex domain hardware architecture, and builds the experimental platform to test the location in the darkroom environment. The experimental results show that the localization method and hardware architecture can effectively locate the target in the observation area at a single frequency point.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN820.15
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本文编号：2101212