基于SGP4模型的集装箱低轨卫星监控终端研发

发布时间：2018-07-22 15:25

【摘要】：集装箱运输行业的日益繁荣极大地促进了各国之间的经贸往来,同时也引发了货物失窃、非法人员偷渡、毒品犯罪等一系列问题,为了最大程度的避免这些问题的出现,越来越多的专家学者利用卫星通信技术做为主要的数据传输手段在全供应链内对集装箱进行有效监控,并研发出集装箱卫星监控终端,但这些终端存在通信盲目性、覆盖盲区、卫星天线较大、功耗偏高、功能偏少等问题,基于这些问题,本文对ORBCOMM低轨卫星通信技术和SGP4模型应用于集装箱监控领域作了深入研究,本文的主要工作如下:研究了ORBCOMM低轨卫星通信系统的整体架构,阐述了该系统各部分的硬件组成和工作原理,分析了该系统的通信链路建立原理、信道选择机制、通信数据类型及数据会话流程等。研究了用于预测空间飞行目标位置的SGP4模型,分析了该模型输入和输出的内容及含义,探讨了该模型的工程应用方法,总结了模型中使用到的两行元素的具体含义,分析了卫星坐标系与WGS-84坐标系之间转换的具体方法,利用三面角相关定理建立了计算卫星方位角和仰角的数学模型并总结了在WGS-84坐标系下对方位角进行修正的方法,最后设计了基于SGP4模型的适用于集装箱低轨卫星监控终端的卫星智能预测算法。总结了集装箱不同应用场景的特点,采用超声波测距技术设计了低功耗控制逻辑。总结了集装箱的特点,完成了集装箱低轨卫星监控终端对小型微带卫星天线的集成。利用Altium Designer 14.2软件实现了硬件设计,利用Keil u Vision 4软件实现了软件设计,利用Microsoft Visual Studio 2008软件实现了卫星智能预测算法的设计,并制作了基于SGP4模型的集装箱低轨卫星监控终端实物,最后搭建了终端集成的卫星智能预测算法测试环境和终端功能及功耗测试平台,并且完成了测试内容。研究结果表明:本文设计的集装箱低轨卫星监控终端具备在全供应链内对集装箱监控的能力,也具备太阳能充电、空重载检测等功能,其集成的卫星智能预测算法可以预知ORCOMM低轨卫星的到来时刻,预测的误差在1min以内,而且其体积较小、功耗较低。
[Abstract]:The growing prosperity of the container transport industry has greatly promoted the economic and trade exchanges between countries, and at the same time has caused a series of problems, such as the theft of goods, illegal immigration, drug crimes, and so on. In order to avoid these problems to the greatest extent possible, More and more experts and scholars use satellite communication technology as the main means of data transmission to monitor containers effectively in the whole supply chain, and develop container satellite monitoring terminals, but these terminals have communication blindness and cover blind areas. The satellite antenna is large, the power consumption is on the high side and the function is on the low side. Based on these problems, the application of ORBCOMM low-orbit satellite communication technology and SGP4 model in container monitoring field is studied deeply in this paper. The main work of this paper is as follows: the whole structure of ORBCOMM Leo satellite communication system is studied, the hardware composition and working principle of each part of the system are expounded, and the communication link establishment principle and channel selection mechanism of the system are analyzed. Communication data type and data session flow. This paper studies the SGP4 model used to predict the position of the space flight target, analyzes the contents and meanings of the input and output of the model, discusses the engineering application method of the model, and summarizes the concrete meaning of the two lines of elements used in the model. This paper analyzes the concrete method of the transformation between satellite coordinate system and WGS-84 coordinate system, establishes the mathematical model of calculating satellite azimuth and elevation angle by using the correlation theorem of trihedral angle, and summarizes the method of modifying azimuth angle in WGS-84 coordinate system. Finally, an intelligent satellite prediction algorithm based on SGP4 model for container Leo satellite monitoring terminal is designed. The characteristics of different application scenarios of container are summarized, and the low power control logic is designed by using ultrasonic ranging technology. The characteristics of the container are summarized, and the integration of the small microstrip satellite antenna with the container Leo satellite monitoring terminal is completed. Using Altium designer 14.2 software to realize hardware design, using Keil u Vision 4 software to realize software design, using Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 software to realize the design of satellite intelligent prediction algorithm. A container Leo satellite monitoring terminal based on SGP4 model is made. Finally, the terminal integrated satellite intelligent prediction algorithm testing environment, terminal function and power consumption testing platform are built, and the test content is completed. The research results show that the container Leo satellite monitoring terminal designed in this paper has the capability of monitoring the container in the whole supply chain, as well as the functions of solar charging, empty and heavy load detection and so on. Its integrated satellite intelligent prediction algorithm can predict the arrival time of Orcomm Leo satellite, the prediction error is within 1min, and its volume is smaller and power consumption is lower.
【学位授予单位】：深圳大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP277;TN927.2

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