信息通信技术对我国普惠金融发展的影响研究

发布时间：2018-08-06 07:48

【摘要】：一直以来,受经济发展状况、地理位置、金融服务成本等因素的影响,我国金融发展水平较低且十分不均衡,一部分人口被排斥到了金融服务的边缘,金融排斥的现象十分严峻。近年来,世界各国高度重视金融排斥问题,联合国、世界银行等机构也先后提出了“普惠金融”这一概念,旨在消除金融排斥,为社会所有阶层都提供负担得起的金融服务。我国也于2016年将推进普惠金融的发展纳入了国家发展战略。与此同时,随着信息通信技术(Information and Communication Technology)的发展,手机和互联网的普及率越来越高,目前我国居民几乎人人都拥有一部手机,而上网也变得越来越容易。同时,信息通信技术不断向金融业的渗透使两者日益融合并且不断创新。如今信息通信技术已成为金融发展不可或缺的条件,并且产生了一系列金融创新,“互联网金融”的应运而生就是金融创新的典型代表。这些新型的金融服务因为使用便利、进入门槛低等特点,很好地满足了不同层次群体金融服务的需求,从而大受欢迎,为我国普惠金融的发展提供了重要的渠道和机遇。基于以上现实情况,本文从理论和实证两方面出发,深入探究了信息通信技术对普惠金融发展的作用机理、方式以及影响程度,并基于我国普惠金融和信息通信技术发展的现状,给出了提高我国普惠金融发展水平的相关政策建议。在理论分析部分,本文运用金融创新理论、互联网金融相关理论以及金融发展等相关理论分析了信息通信技术、互联网金融与普惠金融发展之间的关系,以及信息通信技术作用于普惠金融发展的方式。将信息通信技术与普惠金融发展的关系用金融创新联系了起来,认为信息通信技术通过促进金融服务的信息化,引发金融创新来促进互联网金融的产生,而互联网金融在颠覆了传统金融发展的同时又与普惠金融的发展存在相容性。同时,本文认为信息通信技术对普惠金融发展的作用方式在于为普惠金融发展提供基础设施,增加普惠金融的可使用性以及提高普惠金融发展的可持续性。在实证分析部分,本文首先构建了两个综合性的指数,一是信息化发展指数,二是普惠金融发展指数,从而能够更加全面地反映出信息通信技术和普惠金融的发展水平。然后以信息化发展指数和普惠金融发展指数分别为主要解释变量和被解释变量,采用近10年的省际面板数据对信息通信技术与普惠金融发展的关系做回归分析,证明信息通信技术能够显著地影响普惠金融的发展。进一步回归分析之后得出信息通信基础设施、信息通信使用率以及知识技能都能显著地促进普惠金融的发展,而且互联网上网人数、宽带上网用户数以及成人识字率对普惠金融发展的影响最大。最后,针对本文得出的结论,提出要从三个方面着手促进普惠金融的发展。一是要完善信息通信的基础设施建设;二是要推动信息通信技术与金融业的融合创新;三是要提升发展普惠金融所需要的知识技能。
[Abstract]:Because of the influence of economic development, geographical position and financial service cost, China's financial development level is low and uneven. Some people are excluded to the edge of financial services. The phenomenon of financial exclusion is very serious. In recent years, the world has paid great attention to the issue of Financial Exclusion, the United Nations, the world bank and so on. The organization has also put forward the concept of "Inclusive Finance", which aims to eliminate financial exclusion and provide affordable financial services for all sectors of the society. In 2016, China also promoted the development of Inclusive Finance into the national development strategy. At the same time, with the information and communication technology (Information and Communication Technology) Development, the popularity of mobile phones and the Internet is getting higher and higher. At present, almost everyone in our country has a mobile phone, and the Internet has become more and more easy. At the same time, the infiltration of information and communication technology to the financial industry has made the two more and more integrated and innovated. Now information and communication technology has become an indispensable condition for financial development, and And a series of financial innovations have come into being. "Internet finance" comes into being the typical representative of financial innovation. These new financial services meet the needs of different levels of financial services because of the use of convenience and low threshold, which is very popular and is very important for the development of Inclusive Finance in China. Based on the above realities, this paper, starting from two aspects of theory and demonstration, deeply explores the mechanism, mode and degree of influence of information and communication technology on the development of Inclusive Finance, and based on the present situation of the development of Inclusive Finance and information and communication technology in China, it gives the correlation of improving the development level of Inclusive Finance in China. In the theoretical analysis, this paper analyzes the relationship between the information and communication technology, the relationship between the Internet Finance and the generalized financial development, as well as the role of the information and communication technology in the development of Yu Puhui's finance. The relationship of financial development is linked with financial innovation. It is believed that information and communication technology promotes the emergence of Internet Finance by promoting the information of financial services and triggering financial innovation. While Internet finance is compatible with the development of traditional finance, while it is compatible with the development of Inclusive Finance. In the empirical analysis part, this paper first constructs two comprehensive indices, one is the information development index, and the two is the inclusive financial development index. It can reflect the development level of information and communication technology and Inclusive Finance in a more comprehensive way. Then, using the information development index and the inclusive financial development index as the main explanatory variables and the explanatory variables, the paper uses the interprovincial panel data of nearly 10 years to make a regression analysis on the relationship between information and communication technology and the development of Inclusive Finance. Information and communication infrastructure, information and communication usage and knowledge and skills can significantly promote the development of Inclusive Finance, and the number of Internet Internet users, the number of broadband Internet users and the adult literacy rate have the greatest impact on the general financial development. Finally, in view of the conclusion of this article, we propose to promote the development of Inclusive Finance from three aspects. First, it is necessary to improve the infrastructure construction of information communication; the two is to promote the integration of information and communication technology and financial industry, and three to improve the knowledge and skills needed for the development of Inclusive Finance.
【学位授予单位】：中南财经政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F832;TN91

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