基于iBeacon的室内精确定位技术研究

发布时间：2018-08-12 18:34

【摘要】：近年来,基于地理位置的服务(LBS)进入了快速发展的阶段。从1994年GPS全球定位系统建设完成开始,世界各国就相继研发了很多新的卫星导航系统,如GLONASS、伽利略、IRNSS、北斗等定位系统都陆续投入了商用。至此以卫星导航为引领的室外定位技术便逐渐完善和成熟起来。但类似于卫星导航系统的室外定位技术却无法很好地适应室内的使用环境。室内复杂多变的物理环境和建筑物结构,从很大程度上制约了依赖高频电磁波信号的室外定位导航技术,这使得相当长一段时间内室内定位问题的研究一直处于滞后阶段,没有很好的解决方案。然而随着2010年低功耗蓝牙核心规范发布,其对室内定位所依赖的信标设备的性能提升具有划时代的意义,因此新的高精度室内定位解决方案的研究又进入了新的阶段。本课题的研究正是着眼于目前比较热门的低功耗蓝牙的技术规范,特别是由它衍生出的基于iBeacon的蓝牙技术理论,将其与改进的定位和测距算法进行结合,最后提出一种新的室内精确定位解决方案。本文首先分析了各类定位技术的研究现状,包括主流的室内定位技术以及各类测距定位算法,并以此为基础改进了基于RSSI的室内定位算法。之后重点研究了本课题定位系统实现的各类关键算法,并结合iBeacon蓝牙技术,提出了高精度室内定位的解决方案。在系统关节算法设计实现环节,本文选定了使用Android平台进行软件的开发,同时也分析该平台软件开发的技术特点和在其上进行定位算法研究需要解决的问题,提出了一些在Android系统中研发定位应用的技术优化方法,包括在该系统上操作蓝牙协议栈和蓝牙设备交互以及如何高效地实现核心定位算法等。最后基于最小代价原则,从开发出一款满足实验需求的手机软件,用于实验测试。通过实验平台的搭建和最终的测试数据结果分析,最终充分验证了本课题提出室内精确定位理论的可行性和可用性。
[Abstract]:In recent years, geographical location based service (LBS) has entered a stage of rapid development. Since the completion of GPS Global Positioning system (GPS) in 1994, many new satellite navigation systems have been developed around the world, such as GLONASS, Galileo IRNSS, Beidou and so on, which have been put into commercial use one after another. So far, the outdoor positioning technology guided by satellite navigation will be gradually improved and matured. However, outdoor positioning technology similar to satellite navigation system can not adapt to indoor environment. The complex and changeable indoor physical environment and the building structure, to a large extent, restrict the outdoor positioning and navigation technology, which depends on the high frequency electromagnetic wave signal, which makes the research of indoor positioning problem in a long period of time in the lag stage. There is no good solution. However, with the release of low power Bluetooth core specification in 2010, the performance improvement of beacon devices which depend on indoor positioning has epoch-making significance. Therefore, the research of new high-precision indoor positioning solutions has entered a new stage. The research of this subject is focused on the popular low power Bluetooth technology specification, especially the Bluetooth technology theory based on iBeacon derived from it, which is combined with the improved location and ranging algorithm. Finally, a new indoor precise location solution is proposed. This paper first analyzes the research status of various localization technologies, including the mainstream indoor positioning technology and various ranging and location algorithms, and improves the indoor location algorithm based on RSSI. After that, the key algorithms of this system are studied, and the solution of high precision indoor positioning is proposed based on iBeacon Bluetooth technology. In the design and realization of the system joint algorithm, this paper selects the Android platform for software development, and also analyzes the technical characteristics of the platform software development and the problems to be solved in the research of positioning algorithm on the platform. In this paper, some technical optimization methods for research and development of positioning application in Android system are presented, including how to operate Bluetooth protocol stack and Bluetooth device interaction on the system, and how to implement the core localization algorithm efficiently and so on. Finally, based on the principle of minimum cost, a mobile phone software is developed to meet the experimental requirements. Finally, the feasibility and availability of the indoor precise positioning theory are fully verified by the construction of the experimental platform and the analysis of the final test data.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN925

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