面向数据采集的无线传感网传输优化研究

发布时间：2018-08-27 17:36

【摘要】：无线传感器网络在环境监测、远程医疗、智能家居和军事国防等领域提供了实时的数据,由于无线传感器网络是以数据为中心的网络,所以如何优化无线传感器网络数据传输是一个重要的研究问题。传感器网络节点通常部署在野外或者敌方区域,节点周期性采集的数据之间存在冗余,大量的冗余数据将增加节点的通信开销,此外,攻击者利用节点抗捕获能力弱的特点来捕获节点,获取节点中敏感的信息,利用节点密钥生成大量虚假数据,向网络注入虚假数据,这不仅增加网络通信开销,而且会使决策者做出错误的决定。本文围绕消除冗余数据、虚假数据过滤等问题展开研究。主要研究内容有以下几点:(1)针对无线传感器网络中节点采集的数据之间存在冗余度高的问题,本文提出了一种变长数据融合算法。通过对无线传感器网络感知数据的序列进行分析,计算出感知数据序列的权重值,并通过权重值、参数以及给定的误差阈值来消除融合数据,感知数据的序列长度是根据环境的变化而动态自适应调整。通过仿真实验结果表明,根据环境数据的变化该算法能够有效地减少冗余数据的传输,满足数据的精确度。(2)针对无线传感器网络传输数据过程中存在的虚假数据的问题,本文提出了一种基于动态密钥更新的虚假数据过滤方案。在该方案中,节点中的密钥采用链式进行存储,网络中传输的数据包附带着MAC、标记位和ID信息,转发节点对接收的数据包进行MAC、标记位以及ID信息的合法性进行验证。通过仿真实验结果表明,该方案可以有效过滤出网络中传输的虚假数据。(3)针对本文提出的一种变长数据融合算法和基于动态密钥更新的虚假数据过滤方案设计一个原型系统,并对原型系统进行测试。通过对原型系统的测试,可以得出,本文提出的变长数据融合算法和基于动态密钥更新的虚假数据过滤方案能够很好地优化无线传感器网络数据传输问题,大大提高无线传感器网络中数据传输效率,提高数据的安全性。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor networks provide real-time data in the areas of environmental monitoring, telemedicine, smart home and military defense, since wireless sensor networks are data-centric networks. So how to optimize wireless sensor network data transmission is an important research problem. Sensor network nodes are usually deployed in the field or in the enemy area. There is redundancy between the periodic data collected by the nodes, and a large amount of redundant data will increase the communication overhead of the nodes. Attackers take advantage of the weak anti-capture ability of nodes to capture nodes, obtain sensitive information in nodes, generate a large number of false data by using node keys, and inject false data into the network, which not only increases the network communication overhead, but also increases the network communication cost. And it makes the decision makers make the wrong decisions. This paper focuses on the elimination of redundant data, false data filtering and other issues. The main research contents are as follows: (1) aiming at the problem of high redundancy among the data collected by nodes in wireless sensor networks, a variable length data fusion algorithm is proposed in this paper. By analyzing the sequence of perceptual data in wireless sensor networks, the weight of perceptual data sequence is calculated, and the fused data is eliminated by weight value, parameter and given error threshold. The sequence length of perceptual data is adjusted dynamically and adaptively according to the change of environment. The simulation results show that the algorithm can effectively reduce the transmission of redundant data and satisfy the accuracy of data. (2) aiming at the problem of false data transmission in wireless sensor networks, A false data filtering scheme based on dynamic key updating is proposed in this paper. In this scheme, the key in the node is stored by chain, and the packets transmitted in the network are accompanied by MAC, tag bit and ID information. The forwarding node verifies the validity of the received data packet by MAC, tag bit and ID information. The simulation results show that the scheme can effectively filter out the false data transmitted in the network. (3) A prototype system is designed for a variable length data fusion algorithm proposed in this paper and a false data filtering scheme based on dynamic key updating. The prototype system is tested. By testing the prototype system, it can be concluded that the proposed variable length data fusion algorithm and the false data filtering scheme based on dynamic key update can well optimize the data transmission problem of wireless sensor networks. The efficiency of data transmission in wireless sensor networks is greatly improved and the security of data is improved.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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