无线传感器网络中位置隐私保护方案研究

发布时间：2018-09-01 05:19

【摘要】：无线传感器网络(WSNs)是集感知、数据处理以及无线通信与一身的网络,一般用于在恶劣环境中采集信息,采集到的信息通过无线多跳的形式从源节点发往汇聚节点(sink)节点。sink作为最重要的节点,在发送和传输过程中,怎样有效的隐藏sink的位置信息是一个很重要的研究课题。由于WSNs自身的特点,对于攻击者来说可以采用跟踪数据包的方式来轻易的获得sink的位置,为了防范攻击者的这类攻击行为,在过去的几年中出现了多种方式,这些方式的主要思想是通过虚假数据包提供路径的多样性。过去出现的这些方法在一定程度上可以抵御攻击者的跟踪,但是,在保护sink节点的同时,这些方法也暴露出了很多的方向性信息。利用暴露出来的方向性信息,攻击者在面对多条路径时,可以比较容易的辨别出真实的数据包路径,从而选择真实路径进行跟踪,我们可以把这类攻击称为方向性攻击。在本文中,我们对方向性攻击进行了深入的分析,从理论和实验证明了该类攻击对sink位置隐私的危害,为了抵御这种攻击,本文也提出了基于随机路由和虚假数据包发送的路由策略,在该路由策略中,真实数据包一直沿着最短路径传输,在某些特定的阶段,真实数据包被随机路由,虚假的数据包在两条或者多条最短路径的交叉点处发送。通过随机路由与虚假数据包的发送,使攻击获得的方向性信息失效,起到保护sink节点的目的。安全性分析说明我们的方法对于保护sink位置隐私有明显的作用。本文也从延迟时间、能源损耗和安全时间三个方面对我们的路由策略进行实验,实验结果表明,我们的方法相比与其他的方法,具有传输延迟低,安全时间高的优点。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSNs) is a network of sensing, data processing and wireless communication, which is generally used to collect information in bad environment. As the most important node, the collected information is sent from the source node to the sink node in the form of wireless multi-hop. How to hide the location information of sink effectively is a very important research topic in the process of transmission and transmission. Because of the characteristics of WSNs itself, it is easy for an attacker to obtain the location of sink by tracking data packets. In order to guard against this kind of attack behavior, there have been many ways in the past few years. The main idea of these methods is to provide path diversity through false packets. These methods used in the past can resist the trace of attackers to some extent, but while protecting sink nodes, they also reveal a lot of directional information. Using the exposed directional information, the attacker can easily identify the real packet path in the face of multiple paths, and then choose the real path to track. We can call this attack a directional attack. In this paper, we analyze the directional attack in depth, and prove theoretically and experimentally that this kind of attack is harmful to the privacy of sink location, in order to resist this kind of attack, This paper also proposes a routing strategy based on random routing and false packet sending. In this routing strategy, the real data packet is transmitted along the shortest path, and the real data packet is randomly routed at some specific stage. False packets are sent at the intersection of two or more shortest paths. Through random routing and sending false data packets, the directional information obtained by the attack is invalid, and the purpose of protecting sink nodes is played. The security analysis shows that our method is effective in protecting the privacy of sink location. In this paper, we also test our routing strategy from three aspects: delay time, energy loss and security time. The experimental results show that compared with other methods, our method has the advantages of low transmission delay and high security time.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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