单个细胞纳米操纵及电信号检测技术的研究

发布时间：2018-09-07 08:05

【摘要】：针对单个细胞分析是分析化学和生物医学等多学科之间渗透发展形成的跨学科前沿领域,因其广泛的应用领域而得到了大批学者的重视。细胞是生命体组成的基本单元,可有效反映生物的功能和状态。传统细胞生理特征分析多数是在细胞群体的基础上进行统计分析,而没有重视细胞个体的差异,从而忽视了细胞的重要信息。而传统单细胞水平上的生理特性分析方法测量手段单一,并且检测流程繁琐。本文针对单个活细胞,完成多种生理特性测量以及细胞定位操纵的任务,设计机器人纳米操纵系统。原子力显微镜是纳米科技领域的重要研究工具,具有高效、精准、灵活的特点,广泛应用于生物医学等领域。本文基于原子力显微镜技术,设计并搭建机器人纳米操纵平台,完成对系统控制程序的开发,进行单个活细胞的生理特性研究,拓展本系统的应用功能。针对AFM扫描范围小的弊端,开发大面积扫描功能,实现对单个细胞的定位及成像。详细分析细胞操纵过程中的力学模型,使用单探针完成对心肌细胞力曲线的测量,使用双探针构成“纳米镊子”完成对细胞的操纵。同时,心肌细胞自身具有生物电特性,使用导电探针作为纳米电极,实现对细胞动作电位的测量。本文设计的机器人纳米操纵系统能够在生理环境下对单个活细胞完成形貌、力学、电信号多种生物物理特性的测量,以及定位等操纵,能够在单细胞水平上为研究细胞生理、病理过程和重大疾病的早期临床诊断和治疗及药物筛选提供新的方法。
[Abstract]:Single cell analysis is an interdisciplinary frontier field formed by the infiltration and development of analytical chemistry and biomedicine, and has been paid attention to by a large number of scholars because of its wide application. Cell is the basic unit of life, which can reflect the function and state of organism. The traditional analysis of cell physiological characteristics is based on the statistical analysis of the cell population, but does not pay attention to the differences of individual cells, thus neglecting the important information of the cell. The traditional single cell level physiological characteristics analysis method is simple, and the detection process is cumbersome. In this paper, a robot nanomanipulation system is designed for a single living cell. Atomic force microscope (AFM) is an important research tool in the field of nanotechnology. It has the characteristics of high efficiency, precision and flexibility. It is widely used in biomedicine and other fields. Based on the atomic force microscope (AFM) technology, this paper designs and builds a robot nano-manipulation platform, develops the control program of the system, studies the physiological characteristics of a single living cell, and expands the application function of the system. Aiming at the disadvantage of small scanning range of AFM, a large area scanning function is developed to locate and image a single cell. The mechanical model of cell manipulation was analyzed in detail. The force curve of cardiomyocytes was measured with a single probe, and the cell manipulation was accomplished by using "nano-tweezers" composed of two probes. At the same time, the cardiomyocytes have bioelectrical properties. Conducting probe is used as nano-electrode to measure the action potential of cardiomyocytes. The robot nanomanipulation system designed in this paper can perform morphology, mechanics, electrical signal measurement and localization of single living cell in physiological environment, and can be used to study cell physiology at the single cell level. Pathological process and early clinical diagnosis and treatment of major diseases and drug screening provide new methods.
【学位授予单位】：长春理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q2-3;TP242;TN911.23

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