紧凑型微带阵列天线研究
发布时间：2018-09-08 19:35
【摘要】：对于任何一个无线通讯系统,天线都是一个不可或缺的部分。随着通信系统的小型化发展趋势,要求天线系统在保证其辐射特性的同时做到紧凑型。因为剖面低、加工制造简单、易共形、方向图多样化等特点,微带阵列天线的应用背景十分广泛。如何在不影响其他性能的条件下将微带阵列天线尺寸降低是极具实用价值的研究课题。同时,正常工作的天线离不开馈电网络,随着天线尺寸的缩小,馈电网络的尺寸也应该同步压缩,以适应紧凑型天线。本文围绕着小型化的主题,研究了紧凑型微带阵列天线阵元间的去耦网络以及加载移相器的小型化馈电网络,具体研究内容如下:1.简要介绍了微带天线及其阵列的基本理论。包括微带天线的辐射机理与其表面波、表面电流产生机理;微带阵列天线工作原理以及微带阵列阵元间耦合的相关理论与介绍。为后续研究工作提供一定的理论基础。2.设计了一款中心频率在2.4GHz的三单元紧凑型微带阵列天线,辐射贴片采用嵌入式微带线馈电,避免因使用四分之一波长阻抗变换器而增大尺寸。阵元间距小于0.16λg(λg为对应频率的介质中波长)实现了紧凑型特点。相邻阵元间加载了交指谐振结构构成的去耦网络,该去耦网络能够极大程度上降低阵元间的互耦并改善隔离度,实现紧凑型微带阵列天线。对所设计天线与参考天线进行建模仿真与加工测试,结果显示:天线阻抗带宽(11S≤-10 d B)为8.34%;在工作频率2.4GHz处,参考天线的隔离度S12为-14d B,而在加载了设计的去耦网络后,相应的隔离度降低至-40d B;单个天线增益达1.9d B,E面的3d B波束宽度为85°,H面的3d B波束宽度为78°。测试结果与仿真结果有较高吻合度,证明了所设计去耦网络优异的性能,所设计天线可用于MIMO、相控阵等。3.复合左右手传输线的应用研究。根据本论文研究设计的紧凑型微带阵列天线,利用复合左右手传输线实现相位调控,设计了具有负相移功能的移相器,并采用T型功率分配器实现功率分配,最终提出了一款加载复合左右手传输线移相器的1:3馈电网络。仿真与实验表明,在2.35GHz~2.42GHz的频率范围内,馈电网络能够实现等幅同相馈电。同时将该馈电网络应用在三单元的紧凑型微带阵列天线。实测与仿真结果有较高的吻合度,证明所设计天线阵列与馈电网络应用价值。
[Abstract]:Antenna is an indispensable part of any wireless communication system. With the development of miniaturization of communication systems, antenna systems are required to be compact while ensuring their radiation characteristics. Because of its low profile, simple fabrication, easy conformal and diversified pattern, microstrip array antenna has a wide application background. How to reduce the size of microstrip array antenna without affecting other performance is of great practical value. At the same time, the normal operation of the antenna can not be separated from the feed network. With the reduction of the size of the antenna, the size of the feed network should also be compressed synchronously to adapt to the compact antenna. Around the theme of miniaturization, the decoupling network between antenna elements of compact microstrip array and the miniaturized feed network of loading phase shifter are studied in this paper. The research contents are as follows: 1. The basic theory of microstrip antenna and its array is briefly introduced. It includes the radiation mechanism of microstrip antenna and its surface wave, surface current generation mechanism, the working principle of microstrip array antenna and the related theory and introduction of coupling between microstrip array elements. To provide a theoretical basis for the follow-up work. 2. A three-unit compact microstrip array antenna with center frequency in 2.4GHz is designed. The radiation patch is fed by embedded microstrip line to avoid increasing the size due to the use of 1/4 wavelength impedance converter. The element spacing is less than 0.16 位 g (位 g is the wavelength in the medium corresponding to the frequency) and the compact type is realized. The decoupling network composed of cross-finger resonance structure is loaded between adjacent array elements. The decoupling network can greatly reduce the mutual coupling between the elements and improve the isolation degree and realize the compact microstrip array antenna. Modeling, simulation and machining test of the designed antenna and reference antenna show that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna (11s 鈮，
本文编号：2231489
[Abstract]:Antenna is an indispensable part of any wireless communication system. With the development of miniaturization of communication systems, antenna systems are required to be compact while ensuring their radiation characteristics. Because of its low profile, simple fabrication, easy conformal and diversified pattern, microstrip array antenna has a wide application background. How to reduce the size of microstrip array antenna without affecting other performance is of great practical value. At the same time, the normal operation of the antenna can not be separated from the feed network. With the reduction of the size of the antenna, the size of the feed network should also be compressed synchronously to adapt to the compact antenna. Around the theme of miniaturization, the decoupling network between antenna elements of compact microstrip array and the miniaturized feed network of loading phase shifter are studied in this paper. The research contents are as follows: 1. The basic theory of microstrip antenna and its array is briefly introduced. It includes the radiation mechanism of microstrip antenna and its surface wave, surface current generation mechanism, the working principle of microstrip array antenna and the related theory and introduction of coupling between microstrip array elements. To provide a theoretical basis for the follow-up work. 2. A three-unit compact microstrip array antenna with center frequency in 2.4GHz is designed. The radiation patch is fed by embedded microstrip line to avoid increasing the size due to the use of 1/4 wavelength impedance converter. The element spacing is less than 0.16 位 g (位 g is the wavelength in the medium corresponding to the frequency) and the compact type is realized. The decoupling network composed of cross-finger resonance structure is loaded between adjacent array elements. The decoupling network can greatly reduce the mutual coupling between the elements and improve the isolation degree and realize the compact microstrip array antenna. Modeling, simulation and machining test of the designed antenna and reference antenna show that the impedance bandwidth of the antenna (11s 鈮，
本文编号：2231489
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/xinxigongchenglunwen/2231489.html
