基于基片集成技术阵列天线的研究与设计
发布时间：2018-09-14 07:25
【摘要】：毫米波微带天线因其波长短、频带宽、尺寸小等优点,自产生之日起,就受到世界各国研究人员的广泛关注,特别是在航天飞行器以及雷达系统的天线设计中,毫米波微带天线更是扮演着重要的角色。由于雷达系统要求能够测量宽角度,这需要在同一时间形成多波束的天线,以便快速跟踪。因此,天线的智能波束控制特性成为时下研究的热点与重点。可重构天线作为一种新型的天线,与传统天线相比具有尺寸小、重量轻、利于实现多样化等优点,因而释放出了天线新的设计自由度,极大地扩展了传统天线及阵列设计空间,为提升天线及阵列特性提供了巨大的潜能和广阔的发展前景。本论文基于上述研究背景,以可重构天线和基片集成同轴线理论为研究基础,以多波束阵列天线为研究方向,设计并优化了基于柔性材料液晶高分子聚合物(LCP)的Q波段微带可重构阵列天线以及基于基片集成同轴线(SICL)Butler matrix的低副瓣多波束阵列天线,具体工作主要包含以下几个方面:(1)设计了一款工作在Q波段的4×5微带阵列可重构天线。结构包括基于PIN管控制的开关电路,两路一分二馈电网络和四列串联馈电天线单元,每列天线单元包括5个矩形微带贴片天线,由于传统的并联馈电网络在频率较高时具有较高的插入损耗,所以这种串联/并联混合馈电结构在一定程度上改善了插入损耗。(2)研究了基片集成同轴线(SICL)的基本原理,仿真设计了背面接地的共面波导(GCPW)到SICL的转接器。并在此基础上设计了SICL的3dB定向耦合器和交叉耦合器结构,并给出了相关的仿真数据分析。与此同时,也利用SICL传输特性仿真设计了该结构的缝隙阵列天线。(3)设计了一款工作在Ka波段的SICL 4×8 Butler matrix波束成形网络。传统4×4 Butler matrix波束成形网络输出4路等幅信号,该结构不利于天线的低副瓣设计,因而在4个输出端口分别级联了SICL T形不等分功率分配器,为后续低副瓣天线的设计做准备。(4)设计了一款工作在Ka波段的SICL低副瓣阵列天线。该天线阵列由8列SICL结构缝隙天线子阵列组成,利用交叉耦合器并结合(3)中的馈电网络,通过设计合适的功分比,使8路输出信号幅度由中心向两边递减,形成锥削分布将整个阵列天线的副瓣电平压低,仿真实验结果表明,该多波束天线在4个波束偏转时均能保持SLL-15dB。
[Abstract]:Millimeter-wave microstrip antenna has been widely concerned by researchers all over the world since it was produced because of its advantages of short wavelength, frequency bandwidth and small size, especially in the antenna design of aerospace vehicles and radar systems. Millimeter wave microstrip antenna plays an important role. Since radar systems require the ability to measure wide angles, multi-beam antennas need to be formed at the same time for fast tracking. Therefore, the smart beam control characteristics of antenna has become the focus of research. As a new type of antenna, reconfigurable antenna has the advantages of smaller size, lighter weight and more diversity than the traditional antenna. Therefore, the new design degree of freedom of antenna is released, and the design space of traditional antenna and array is greatly expanded. It provides great potential and broad development prospect for improving antenna and array characteristics. Based on the above research background, this thesis is based on the theory of reconfigurable antenna and substrate integrated coaxial line, and takes the multi-beam array antenna as the research direction. Q-band microstrip reconfigurable array antenna based on flexible liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) and low-sidelobe multi-beam array antenna based on substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) Butler matrix are designed and optimized. The main work includes the following aspects: (1) A 4 脳 5 microstrip array reconfigurable antenna working in Q band is designed. The structure includes a switching circuit based on PIN tube control, a two-channel one-two-feed network and a four-column series feed antenna unit, each of which includes five rectangular microstrip patch antennas. Because the traditional shunt feed network has high insertion loss when the frequency is high, the series / parallel hybrid feed structure improves the insertion loss to some extent. (2) the basic principle of the substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) is studied. A coplanar waveguide (GCPW) to SICL is simulated and designed. On this basis, the 3dB directional coupler and cross coupler structure of SICL are designed, and the related simulation data analysis is given. At the same time, the slot array antenna is simulated and designed by using the SICL transmission characteristics. (3) A SICL 4 脳 8 Butler matrix beamforming network operating in the Ka band is designed. The conventional 4 脳 4 Butler matrix beamforming network outputs four equal amplitude signals, which is not conducive to the low sidelobe design of the antenna, so the SICL T-shaped unequal power divider is cascaded at the four output ports. Preparation for the subsequent design of low sidelobe antennas. (4) A SICL low sidelobe array antenna working in Ka band is designed. The antenna array is composed of 8 rows of slot antenna arrays with SICL structure. By using cross coupler and combining with the feed network in (3), the amplitude of 8 output signals is decreased from center to either side by designing appropriate power distribution ratio. The sidelobe level of the whole array antenna is depressed by conical distribution. The simulation results show that the multi-beam antenna can maintain SLL-15dB. when the four beams are deflected.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN820
本文编号：2241984
[Abstract]:Millimeter-wave microstrip antenna has been widely concerned by researchers all over the world since it was produced because of its advantages of short wavelength, frequency bandwidth and small size, especially in the antenna design of aerospace vehicles and radar systems. Millimeter wave microstrip antenna plays an important role. Since radar systems require the ability to measure wide angles, multi-beam antennas need to be formed at the same time for fast tracking. Therefore, the smart beam control characteristics of antenna has become the focus of research. As a new type of antenna, reconfigurable antenna has the advantages of smaller size, lighter weight and more diversity than the traditional antenna. Therefore, the new design degree of freedom of antenna is released, and the design space of traditional antenna and array is greatly expanded. It provides great potential and broad development prospect for improving antenna and array characteristics. Based on the above research background, this thesis is based on the theory of reconfigurable antenna and substrate integrated coaxial line, and takes the multi-beam array antenna as the research direction. Q-band microstrip reconfigurable array antenna based on flexible liquid crystalline polymer (LCP) and low-sidelobe multi-beam array antenna based on substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) Butler matrix are designed and optimized. The main work includes the following aspects: (1) A 4 脳 5 microstrip array reconfigurable antenna working in Q band is designed. The structure includes a switching circuit based on PIN tube control, a two-channel one-two-feed network and a four-column series feed antenna unit, each of which includes five rectangular microstrip patch antennas. Because the traditional shunt feed network has high insertion loss when the frequency is high, the series / parallel hybrid feed structure improves the insertion loss to some extent. (2) the basic principle of the substrate integrated coaxial line (SICL) is studied. A coplanar waveguide (GCPW) to SICL is simulated and designed. On this basis, the 3dB directional coupler and cross coupler structure of SICL are designed, and the related simulation data analysis is given. At the same time, the slot array antenna is simulated and designed by using the SICL transmission characteristics. (3) A SICL 4 脳 8 Butler matrix beamforming network operating in the Ka band is designed. The conventional 4 脳 4 Butler matrix beamforming network outputs four equal amplitude signals, which is not conducive to the low sidelobe design of the antenna, so the SICL T-shaped unequal power divider is cascaded at the four output ports. Preparation for the subsequent design of low sidelobe antennas. (4) A SICL low sidelobe array antenna working in Ka band is designed. The antenna array is composed of 8 rows of slot antenna arrays with SICL structure. By using cross coupler and combining with the feed network in (3), the amplitude of 8 output signals is decreased from center to either side by designing appropriate power distribution ratio. The sidelobe level of the whole array antenna is depressed by conical distribution. The simulation results show that the multi-beam antenna can maintain SLL-15dB. when the four beams are deflected.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN820
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 杨雪松,王秉中;可重构天线的研究进展[J];系统工程与电子技术;2003年04期
2 方大纲，陶玉明，龙毅，刘迈，李艳茹，，姚平;8mm边馈式微带天线阵研究[J];电波科学学报;1995年Z1期
相关博士学位论文 前3条
1 黄明;多波束透镜天线理论与应用技术研究[D];电子科技大学;2014年
2 陈春红;基于Butler矩阵的双频双极化多波束天线关键技术研究[D];南京理工大学;2012年
3 肖绍球;平面型可重构天线研究[D];电子科技大学;2003年
相关硕士学位论文 前10条
1 单龙;微带阵列天线的优化设计[D];南京信息工程大学;2014年
2 侯甲;微带平面阵列天线的设计[D];西安电子科技大学;2014年
3 曹诞;K波段微带阵列天线研究[D];西安电子科技大学;2014年
4 彭政谕;阵列天线波束赋形技术研究与应用[D];浙江大学;2014年
5 陈长富;Ku波段高增益微带阵列天线研究与设计[D];吉林大学;2013年
6 李向芹;天线副瓣对辐射计的影响及低副瓣天线设计[D];南京理工大学;2013年
7 文乐虎;Ku波段微带阵列天线技术研究[D];西安电子科技大学;2011年
8 齐磊;低副瓣微波矩形波导缝隙天线的研究[D];南京理工大学;2009年
9 姚罡;微带贴片天线阵列的研究与设计[D];大连海事大学;2008年
10 江莉;微带阵列天线互耦抑制技术的研究[D];电子科技大学;2008年
本文编号：2241984
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/kejilunwen/xinxigongchenglunwen/2241984.html
