6LoWPAN技术在WSN中的研究与实现

发布时间：2018-10-09 21:24

【摘要】：随着物联网技术的发展,在一个分布有大量6LoWPAN传感器节点的监测区域中,通过一个功能强大的边界路由器实现域内传感器节点接入IPv6网络,并与IP网络的相互通信,是实现物联网的一种有效的技术手段。自6LoWPAN技术提出至今,在其报头压缩、分片重组、路由和安全方面的研究已经取得了较多的研究成果。无线传感器网络(WSN)向IPv6网络的融合已经成为计算机网络与通信领域需要解决的关键技术问题之一,基于IPv6协议的低功耗无线个域网(6LoWPAN)具有较大的应用价值与发展潜力。论文系统全面的综述了IPv6、6LoWPAN以及IEEE 802.15.4协议标准的特点和异构节点互联互通的关键技术,深入分析了6LoWPAN技术在地址分配、报头压缩、分片重组等相关技术的原理,设计了基于6LoWPAN的WSN-IPv6异构网络融合通信系统的总体框架。在实验室通过WSN节点操作系统Contiki结合简化IP协议栈uIP的方式,使得IPv6协议应用到WSN中,实现了基于6LoWPAN WSN网络与IPv6网络之间的融合通信。主要做了以下研究工作:(1)设计了基于6LoWPAN的WSN-IPv6异构网络融合通信系统方案。对涉及到的IPv6技术、无线通信标准、6LoWPAN、Contiki操作系统进行分析研究。对于分片重组方案,分析了每跳ARQ分片重组方案和端到端的分片重组方案,对结合了两种方案的自适应分片重组方案进行了研究。在报头压缩技术方面,对HC1和HC2报头压缩、IPHC和NHC报头压缩算法在帧格式、压缩过程进行了研究。(2)设计了基于6LoWPAN的无线传感器网络中传感器节点的实现方案。结合开源的6LoWPAN实现方案,对6LoWPAN相关功能的实现进行了深入的研究。通过对已有的6LoWPAN网络协议栈实现思路和实现方案的研究,确定了基于Contiki的6LoWPAN协议栈实现方案,方案实现了6LoWPAN节点间相互通信的实验研究,验证了IPv6协议应用到WSN中的可行性。(3)基于“CC2530+CC2592”无线模块,构建了测试环境,并对6LoWPAN各节点系统的互联通信进行实验研究,对通信系统的实现方案进行了测试与优化,实现了WSN与IPv6网络数据交换的目标。通过对client节点、server节点和Router节点进行功能测试,测试结果表明6LoWPAN在WSN中传感器节点上的实现方案是可行的。
[Abstract]:With the development of Internet of things (IoT) technology, in a monitoring area with a large number of 6LoWPAN sensor nodes, the sensor nodes in the domain are connected to the IPv6 network through a powerful boundary router, and the communication between the sensor nodes and the IP network is realized. It is an effective technical means to realize the Internet of things. Since 6LoWPAN technology was put forward, many research achievements have been made in the fields of header compression, partition recombination, routing and security. The integration of wireless sensor network (WSN) to IPv6 network has become one of the key technical problems in the field of computer network and communication. Low power wireless personal area network (6LoWPAN) based on IPv6 protocol has great application value and development potential. In this paper, the characteristics of IPv6,6LoWPAN and IEEE 802.15.4 protocol standards and the key technologies of heterogeneous node interconnection are summarized, and the principles of 6LoWPAN technology in address allocation, header compression, slice recombination and so on are analyzed. The overall framework of WSN-IPv6 heterogeneous network fusion communication system based on 6LoWPAN is designed. Through WSN node operating system (Contiki) and simplified IP protocol stack (uIP) in the laboratory, the IPv6 protocol is applied to WSN, and the fusion communication between 6LoWPAN WSN network and IPv6 network is realized. The main works are as follows: (1) the scheme of WSN-IPv6 heterogeneous network fusion communication system based on 6LoWPAN is designed. The IPv6 technology and the wireless communication standard 6LoWPANContiki operating system are analyzed and studied. For the piecewise recombination scheme, the ARQ fragment recombination scheme and the end-to-end piecewise recombination scheme are analyzed, and the adaptive piecewise recombination scheme combining the two schemes is studied. In the aspect of header compression, HC1 and HC2 header compression algorithms are studied in frame format and compression process. (2) the implementation scheme of sensor nodes in wireless sensor networks based on 6LoWPAN is designed. Combined with the open source 6LoWPAN implementation scheme, the implementation of 6LoWPAN related functions is deeply studied. Based on the research of the existing 6LoWPAN protocol stack, the implementation scheme of 6LoWPAN protocol stack based on Contiki is determined. The scheme realizes the experimental research of communication between 6LoWPAN nodes. The feasibility of applying IPv6 protocol to WSN is verified. (3) based on the "CC2530 CC2592" wireless module, the test environment is constructed, and the experimental research on the interconnected communication of each node system of 6LoWPAN is carried out, and the implementation scheme of the communication system is tested and optimized. The goal of data exchange between WSN and IPv6 is realized. By testing the function of client node server node and Router node, the test results show that the implementation of 6LoWPAN on the sensor node in WSN is feasible.
【学位授予单位】：曲阜师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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