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高灵敏度卫星导航接收机捕获跟踪技术研究

发布时间:2018-10-22 11:39
【摘要】:随着卫星导航技术的发展,以高动态为目标的卫星导航接收机技术已经不断成熟。然而,近年来,伴随着以位置服务为目标的应用市场不断扩大,特别是在深山、密林、隧道、室内等微弱卫星信号环境下定位需求的增加,对高灵敏度卫星导航接收机技术的研究逐渐成为热点。本文从理论出发并以实际应用为背景,对三模卫星导航接收机在弱信号应用环境下的捕获、跟踪技术进行了研究,并以FPGA+DSP为硬件平台实现了三系统(GPS、GLONASS、北斗)弱信号的捕获、跟踪。捕获、跟踪技术均属于信号的基带信号处理技术,它们是进行导航信息解算的基础。由于不同卫星导航系统的导航数据结构有所差异,所以各系统需要采取不同的捕获、跟踪策略。本文介绍了三个系统的数据结构和普通功率信号捕获、跟踪方法。在此基础上,分别对涉及弱信号的捕获技术和跟踪技术进行了研究和实现。文章首先对相干和非相干积分的处理增益进行了分析;之后对几种可以有效提高信号捕获灵敏度的方法进行了讨论,在此基础上分别确定了三系统的捕获方法和具体实现方案;最后对在硬件平台上实现的捕获方法进行了测试并对测试结果进行了分析。同时,本文对弱信号跟踪技术进行了研究,分析和实现了三系统弱信号跟踪的载波环和码环,包括具体实现方案、对方案实际性能的测试和测试结果分析。同时为了配合后续星历解算处理,本文中还提出了一种适应弱信号的数据位同步算法-K-P算法。经过对接收机实际测试证明:采用文中提出的方案,GPS和GLONASS系统的捕获、跟踪灵敏度达到-145dBm,北斗GEO/IGSO系统的捕获灵敏度目前达到-135dBm。
[Abstract]:With the development of satellite navigation technology, high dynamic satellite navigation receiver technology has been mature. However, in recent years, with the continuous expansion of the market for location-oriented applications, especially in remote mountain, dense forest, tunnel, indoor and other weak satellite signal environment, the demand for positioning is increasing. The research of high sensitivity satellite navigation receiver technology has gradually become a hot spot. In this paper, the acquisition and tracking technology of three-mode satellite navigation receiver in weak signal application environment is studied based on theory and practical application background, and the acquisition of weak signal in GPS,GLONASS, Beidou is realized by using FPGA DSP as hardware platform. Track. Acquisition and tracking are all baseband signal processing techniques, which are the basis of navigation information calculation. Because the navigation data structure of different satellite navigation systems is different, different acquisition and tracking strategies are needed for each system. This paper introduces the data structure of the three systems and the common power signal acquisition and tracking methods. On the basis of this, the acquisition and tracking techniques involving weak signals are studied and implemented respectively. This paper first analyzes the processing gain of coherent and incoherent integrals, then discusses several methods that can effectively improve the sensitivity of signal acquisition, and then determines the acquisition methods and implementation schemes of the three systems respectively. Finally, the acquisition method implemented on the hardware platform is tested and the test results are analyzed. At the same time, the weak signal tracking technology is studied in this paper, and the carrier loop and code loop of weak signal tracking in three systems are analyzed and realized, including the concrete implementation scheme, and the test results of the actual performance of the scheme. At the same time, in order to cooperate with the subsequent ephemeris solution, a data bit synchronization algorithm, K-P algorithm, which adapts to weak signals, is also proposed in this paper. The experimental results show that the tracking sensitivity of GPS and GLONASS system is -145 dBm, and that of Beidou GEO/IGSO system is -135 dBm.
【学位授予单位】:北方工业大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:TN967.1

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