压力状态下的心跳生理模式研究

发布时间：2018-10-23 08:55

【摘要】：压力是个体在增加了生理、心理、情感和行为要求后使得机体处于不平衡的一种状态。压力会导致强的生理唤醒,其显著生理反应是交感神经的激活,以及副交感神经的失活,且与心脏活动具有强关联性。大量研究表明,压力的长期存在可能导致多种身体损害,如增加患心血管疾病的风险、影响心脏的自主神经传导等。因此,对压力状态下生理反应模式的研究是极具意义的。本文分别对心理诱因、生理诱因和混合诱因导致的压力状态下,机体应激反应过程中的心跳生理模式进行研究。(1)本文设计了三种不同压力状态下的心电信号采集方案。首先,通过无预期目标的朗读、模拟答辩和真实场景下的硕士学位答辩事件获得心理压力状态下的生理反应样本。其次,通过放松静坐、匀速缓慢跑步和快速上下楼梯任务获得生理压力状态下的生理反应样本。最后,通过放松静坐任务、真实场景下的有背景音乐超声洁牙和无背景音乐的超声洁牙事件获得两种压力共存状态下的生理反应样本。结合问卷和被试回访等多种方式确定数据的压力程度标签,对不同压力状态分别构建了“无到非常弱”、“弱到中等”和“中等偏强到强”不同压力水平的生理反应数据集。(2)从统计意义上探讨了不同诱因导致的压力状态下生理参数的平均效果变化趋势。使用t检验和统计分布分析发现,不同诱因下生理参数的变化不尽相同,但均在一定程度上揭示了与压力有关的心脏自主神经活动。随压力程度增大,平均心跳间隔呈减小趋势,反映出心跳逐渐加快,压力生理唤起程度变高;RR间期标准差、RR间期相邻差的标准差和RR间期相邻差的均方根呈减小趋势,反映出压力程度增加使得交感神经激活、副交感神经受到抑制。而非线性特征近似熵、递归定量参数中的递归熵和确定度呈增大趋势,反映出压力增大的同时心脏活动的不确定性和复杂性越强,心脏起博有较高的适应性。对比心理和生理压力状态下,随压力程度增大,具有显著性差异的生理参数的平均变化效果发现,心理诱因导致的压力状态中,心脏活动更为复杂且不确定性高。(3)进一步从模式识别的角度探讨了特定诱因、两种不同诱因间、不考虑压力诱因几种情况下,不同程度压力生理模式的可区分度,并使用后向选择算法发现了依赖分类器的压力生理模式的最简洁表达。通过分析发现:不考虑压力诱因的情况下,不同程度压力的生理模式的区分效果较好;但如果同时考虑不同诱因和不同压力程度的状态,压力生理模式的区分效果较差。本文对实验数据分别从统计分析和模式识别角度分析了压力状态下的心跳生理模式,结果表明生理参数在一定程度上能够反映压力自主神经活动,且在不考虑诱因的情况下,不同压力程度的生理模式极易区分,这对可穿戴设备实现实时的压力监测具有重要现实意义。
[Abstract]:Stress is a state in which the body is unbalanced after increasing its physiological, psychological, emotional and behavioral requirements. Stress can lead to a strong physiological arousal, the significant physiological response is sympathetic nerve activation, and parasympathetic inactivation, and has a strong correlation with cardiac activity. A large number of studies have shown that long-term stress may lead to a variety of physical damage, such as increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease, affecting cardiac autonomic nerve conduction, and so on. Therefore, the study of physiological response mode under pressure is of great significance. In this paper, the physiological patterns of heartbeat in stress state caused by psychological inducement, physiological inducement and mixed inducement were studied. (1) three ECG signal acquisition schemes under different stress state were designed in this paper. First, the physiological response samples of psychological stress state were obtained by reading aloud without expected objectives, simulating the defense and the events of the Master's degree defense under the real scene. Secondly, physiological response samples were obtained under physiological stress by relaxing sit-ins, running slowly at constant speed and fast up and down stairs. Finally, by relaxing the sit-in task, the background music ultrasonic cleaning event and the background music ultrasonic cleaning event were used to obtain the physiological response samples under the coexistence of two pressures. Combining with the questionnaire and the participants' return visits and other ways to determine the pressure degree label of the data, the different stress states are respectively constructed "no to very weak". "weak to medium" and "medium strong to strong" physiological response data sets of different levels of stress. (2) the statistical significance of physiological parameters caused by different inducements under the average effect of changes in the trend. T test and statistical distribution analysis showed that the changes of physiological parameters were different under different inducements, but all revealed the autonomic nervous activity related to stress to some extent. With the increase of pressure, the mean heartbeat interval decreased, which indicated that the heartbeat increased gradually, the physiological arousal of stress became higher, the standard deviation of RR interval, the standard deviation of adjacent deviation of RR interval and the root mean square of adjacent deviation of RR interval decreased. The results showed that the increase of pressure resulted in the activation of sympathetic nerve and the inhibition of parasympathetic nerve. However, the approximate entropy of nonlinear characteristic, the recursive entropy and the certainty of recursive quantitative parameters tend to increase, which reflects that the higher the pressure is, the stronger the uncertainty and complexity of cardiac activity are, and the higher the adaptability of heart is. Compared with psychological and physiological stress state, with the increase of stress degree, the average change effect of physiological parameters with significant difference was found that psychological inducement caused by stress state, The heart activity is more complex and uncertain. (3) the specific inducement is further discussed from the perspective of pattern recognition. Under the condition of different inducement and no consideration of stress inducement, the degree of different degree of stress physiological pattern can be distinguished. A backward selection algorithm is used to find the most concise expression of the pressure-physiological pattern dependent on the classifier. It is found that the difference of physiological models with different degrees of stress is better when the stress inducement is not taken into account, but if different inducements and different stress levels are taken into account at the same time, the differentiation effect of stress physiological models is poor. In this paper, we analyze the physiological mode of heartbeat in stress state from the angle of statistical analysis and pattern recognition. The results show that physiological parameters can reflect autonomic nervous activity to some extent and do not consider the inducement. It is easy to distinguish the physiological models of different pressure levels, which has important practical significance for wearable devices to realize real-time pressure monitoring.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R33;TN911.7

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