物联网异构型节点自组网通信协议研究

发布时间：2018-11-13 15:06

【摘要】：现如今,各种有着参差不齐的处理能力和存储能力无线智能终端在人们的日常生活中出现。本文从构建一个异构型节点无线自组网的需求出发,尝试制定异构型无线自组网的通信协议,使得在异构型无线自组网通信系统中,具有不同性能的节点能根据自身的性能处理和传输数据,有效地进行数据共享和交换,并且搭建这样的一个自组网系统。在理论上,本文首先分析了无线自组网网络架构、网络特点以及研究热点,并介绍了无线传感网。其次,对无线自组网通信协议的体系结构进行逐层剖析,总结出要设计易理解的、可行的无线自组网通信协议需要满足的基本要求,并且得出本课题要研究的重点主要在于网络层中的路由协议。在比较现在已有的部分常见路由通信协议的特点之后,本课题以AODV路由协议为基础,融合了基准程序来对终端节点进行合理的性能分级,记录节点的各项系统性能信息,并且通过节点系统性能信息来实现动态的路由控制。最后设计了自组网通信协议的各模块,主要有证实重发、性能评估、各种报文类型和格式定义、路由表设计、路由发现、数据信息传输和基于心跳检测的路由维护。从工程实现上,在Ubantu系统平台上使用Java语言进行开发异构型自组网通信协议的终端软件,基于三层软件架构,运用了线程池、多线程技术、单例模式、生产者消费者模型、观察者模式、简单工厂模式等技术和设计模式完成了软件的开发工作。实现了本机性能评估、路由请求、路由回复、路由维护、文本数据传输、路由表查询、控制台实时信息显示、GUI和日志记录等功能模块。最后,为了测试本协议,采用ZigBee模块作为数据收发模块,分别与Linux和Windows系统的PC、Linux系统的Tiny210 Arm开发板所组成的五个节点,搭建了异构型无线自组网实验系统。测试了软件的基本路由功能、部分应用场景和协议的传输速度,分析实验结果,确定了该协议和软件在异构型无线自组网中具备基本的可用性,自适应性,可扩展性,并且传输速度具有较好的稳定性。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, wireless intelligent terminals with varying processing and storage capabilities appear in people's daily lives. Based on the requirement of constructing a heterogeneous node wireless ad hoc network, this paper tries to establish the communication protocol of heterogeneous wireless ad hoc network, so that in heterogeneous wireless ad hoc network communication system, Nodes with different performance can process and transmit data according to their own performance, and can effectively share and exchange data, and build such an ad hoc network system. In theory, this paper first analyzes the network architecture, network characteristics and research hotspot of wireless ad hoc network, and introduces wireless sensor network. Secondly, the architecture of the wireless ad hoc network communication protocol is analyzed layer by layer, and the basic requirements of the feasible wireless ad hoc network communication protocol to be designed are summarized. The main focus of this paper is the routing protocol in the network layer. After comparing the characteristics of some common routing and communication protocols, based on the AODV routing protocol, this paper integrates the benchmark program to classify the performance of the terminal nodes reasonably, and records the system performance information of the nodes. And through the node system performance information to achieve dynamic routing control. Finally, every module of Ad Hoc network communication protocol is designed, including retransmission, performance evaluation, message type and format definition, routing table design, routing discovery, data transmission and routing maintenance based on heartbeat detection. In terms of engineering implementation, the terminal software of heterogeneous ad hoc network communication protocol is developed by using Java language on the platform of Ubantu system. Based on three-tier software architecture, thread pool, multi-thread technology, singleton mode, producer and consumer model are used. The techniques and design patterns such as Observer pattern, simple Factory pattern and so on complete the development of software. The function modules such as native performance evaluation, routing request, route response, route maintenance, text data transmission, routing table query, console real-time information display, GUI and logging are implemented. Finally, in order to test this protocol, the ZigBee module is used as the data transceiver module, and the five nodes of the Tiny210 Arm development board of Linux and Windows system PC,Linux system are used to build the heterogeneous wireless ad hoc network experimental system. The basic routing function of the software, some application scenarios and the transmission speed of the protocol are tested, and the experimental results are analyzed. It is determined that the protocol and the software have the basic availability, adaptability and extensibility in heterogeneous wireless ad hoc networks. And the transmission speed has good stability.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.44;TN915.04

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