波导缝隙天线的工程应用及其新技术研究

发布时间：2018-11-20 18:07

【摘要】：波导缝隙天线具有结构紧凑,馈电损耗小,口径利用效率高以及功率容量大等固有优势,同时波导缝隙阵的口径分布容易控制,便于实现窄波束,低副瓣以及波束赋形,所以波导缝隙天线至今在雷达、通信系统的应用中仍然占据着不可替代的位置。本文结合一款X波段多波束覆盖准连续波雷达的工程背景,对波导缝隙阵的设计方法以及工程应用进行了研究,并将该设计方法应用于新型间隙波导,设计了一种基于槽型间隙波导的滤波缝隙阵。论文主要工作总结如下:首先基于等效电路理论和行波近似法分析了波导窄边缝隙阵的电导表达式,借助仿真软件HFSS提取了 X波段波导窄边缝隙的电导函数并设计了一个6× 63单元的波导缝隙面阵。对设计的天线阵进行了加工实测,测试结果和仿真相吻合,在12%相对带宽内实现了优于25.9dB的副瓣抑制以及28.9dBi以上的增益,验证了设计方法的可行性。其次将设计的波导窄边缝隙阵应用于一款X波段多波束覆盖准连续波雷达的天线系统,配合设计了一个基于威尔金森功分器的双层印制板合成网络来实现接收多波束,结合发射接收组件形成天线系统并对该系统进行了近场扫描校准,给出了经过校准之后的天线和差方向图以及比幅曲线。与传统波导相比,间隙波导降低了对加工精度的要求而在毫米波频段得到了广泛的应用,将等效电路分析和电导提取相结合的方法应用于间隙波导设计了一个W波段的十四单元缝隙阵,然后将天线阵与一个L型的四阶滤波器集成设计,实现了滤波器与天线的无损连接并有效的抑制了频带以外的干扰信号。
[Abstract]:Waveguide slot antenna has the advantages of compact structure, small feed loss, high aperture utilization efficiency and large power capacity. Meanwhile, the aperture distribution of waveguide slot array is easy to control, and it is easy to realize narrow beam, low sidelobe and beamforming. So waveguide slot antenna still occupies an irreplaceable position in radar and communication system. Based on the engineering background of X-band multi-beam covering quasi-continuous wave radar, the design method and engineering application of waveguide slot array are studied in this paper, and the design method is applied to a new type of gap waveguide. A filter slot array based on slot gap waveguide is designed. The main work of this paper is summarized as follows: firstly, based on equivalent circuit theory and traveling wave approximation, the conductance expression of waveguide slot array with narrow edge is analyzed. The conductance function of the narrow edge slot in X band waveguide is extracted by the simulation software HFSS, and a 6 脳 63 element waveguide slot array is designed. The experiment results of the designed antenna array are in good agreement with the simulation results. The sidelobe suppression and the gain above the 28.9dBi are realized in the relative bandwidth of 12%. The feasibility of the design method is verified. Secondly, the designed waveguide narrow edge slot array is applied to the antenna system of X-band multi-beam covering quasi-continuous wave radar, and a double-layer PCB synthesis network based on Wilkinson power divider is designed to realize receiving multi-beam. The antenna system is formed by combining the transmitting and receiving components and the near field scanning calibration is carried out. The antenna, differential pattern and amplitude curve after calibration are given. Compared with traditional waveguides, gap waveguides are widely used in millimeter-wave band because of their lower machining accuracy. The method of equivalent circuit analysis and conductance extraction is applied to design a 14-cell slot array in the gap waveguide. Then the antenna array is integrated with an L-type fourth-order filter. The nondestructive connection between the filter and the antenna is realized and the interference signal outside the frequency band is effectively suppressed.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN823.24

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