导航定位数据无线传输系统的研究与设计

发布时间：2018-12-07 14:27

【摘要】：随着定位技术的发展与社会需求的增加,越来越多的领域需要对人或车辆等移动目标进行定位,要实现这一目的,便需要将卫星定位技术与无线通信技术相结合。常见的定位系统多采用GSM/GPRS技术作为通信平台,来发送定位数据。而我国幅员辽阔、地形复杂。在一些偏远的山区、牧区、沙漠、海岛等地方仍会存在GSM/GPRS移动通信网络信号没有覆盖的情况,随着社会经济发展需求的提高,越来越多的人员会在上述地区从事作业。而在这些环境相对恶劣的地区从事相关工作时,也极易发生危险或者迷失方向。由于没有移动网络信号的覆盖,也使得搜寻救援工作面临挑战。针对在没有移动网络信号覆盖地区搜寻遇险迷失人员困难这一问题,本论文设计了一款基于北斗定位的定位数据无线传输系统,该系统由移动用户端和基站两部分构成。移动用户端主要由北斗定位模块和433MHz频段下的射频收发模块CC1101组成,实现定位和将定位信息发送给基站的功能;基站主要由CC1101射频收发模块和PC机组成,用来实现接收并显示移动用户端定位信息的功能。首先,本论文对北斗卫星定位原理和射频通信技术进行了分析研究,选用了课题组以自主研发的射频信号处理芯片为基础,搭配数字基带信号处理芯片ARK669开发的一款GPS/北斗双模双频点定位模块来实现北斗定位的功能;同时对射频收发模块的硬件电路进行了设计,包括巴伦电路、单端滤波器电路、功率放大器电路的设计;选用了德州仪器生产的MSP430F169作为系统的控制核心,设计了主控电路,包括复位电路、晶振电路、JTAG下载电路以及串口通信电路;根据系统需求,设计了电源模块电路;并对射频收发模块的PCB进行了设计。其次对该定位数据无线传输系统进行了软件设计,整个系统的通信采用时分多址的通信协议,基站搜寻端为主机,移动用户端为从机,主机设置3秒作为一次定位信息采集周期,在该周期内,主机发送寻呼信息并接收各从机发送的定位信息,在每个周期内,各从机被分配不同的时段用来与主机通信。主机与PC之间采用RS-232C接口进行通信,采用Visual Studio2010软件的MSComm串行通信控件对显示界面进行了设计。最后对整机系统进行功能测试,并对射频收发模块无线传输距离进行了测试与分析。测试结果表明,在1.3KM的距离范围内,该搜寻系统可以实现在没有移动网络信号覆盖的情况下传输定位信息、帮助搜寻的功能。
[Abstract]:With the development of positioning technology and the increase of social demand, more and more fields need to locate moving targets, such as people or vehicles. In order to achieve this goal, it is necessary to combine satellite positioning technology with wireless communication technology. Most of the common positioning systems use GSM/GPRS technology as the communication platform to send location data. China has a vast territory and complex terrain. In some remote mountain areas, pastoral areas, deserts, islands and other places will still exist in the GSM/GPRS mobile communication network signal coverage, with the social and economic development needs increased, more and more people will work in these areas. And in these relatively harsh areas of the work, also prone to danger or loss of direction. Due to the lack of mobile network signal coverage, search and rescue work is also facing challenges. In order to solve the problem of finding lost persons in areas without mobile network signal coverage, this paper designs a wireless data transmission system based on Beidou location, which consists of two parts: mobile user and base station. The mobile client mainly consists of the Beidou location module and the radio frequency transceiver module CC1101 under the 433MHz band to realize the function of locating and sending the location information to the base station. The base station is mainly composed of CC1101 RF transceiver module and PC machine, which is used to receive and display the location information of mobile client. First of all, this paper analyzes the principle of Beidou satellite positioning and radio frequency communication technology, and selects the research group based on the RF signal processing chip developed by ourselves. With the digital baseband signal processing chip ARK669 developed a GPS/ Beidou dual-mode dual-frequency location module to achieve the Beidou positioning function; At the same time, the hardware circuit of RF transceiver module is designed, including Barron circuit, single-end filter circuit and power amplifier circuit. The MSP430F169 produced by Texas Instruments is selected as the control core of the system, and the main control circuit is designed, including reset circuit, crystal oscillator circuit, JTAG download circuit and serial communication circuit, and the power supply module circuit is designed according to the demand of the system. The PCB of RF transceiver module is designed. Secondly, the software of the wireless transmission system is designed. The communication protocol of time division multiple access (TDMA) is used in the whole system. The base station search terminal is the host, and the mobile user terminal is the slave. The host computer sets 3 seconds as a period for collecting positioning information. In the period, the host sends paging information and receives the location information sent by each slave. In each cycle, each slave is assigned different time periods to communicate with the host. The RS-232C interface is used to communicate between host computer and PC, and the display interface is designed by MSComm serial communication control of Visual Studio2010 software. Finally, the function of the whole system is tested, and the wireless transmission distance of RF transceiver module is tested and analyzed. The test results show that within the range of 1.3KM, the system can transmit the location information without the coverage of mobile network signal, and help the search function.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN92

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