轻度认知障碍患者的脑电信号实验研究及其分析处理

发布时间：2018-12-12 05:05

【摘要】：脑机接口(BCI)是一种不依靠外围组织的参与直接运用大脑活动实现与外界设备交流的技术。实现脑机接口的一个重要手段是脑电信号(EEG),脑电信号是与大脑活动有关的一种微弱生理电信号,大脑发生病变时脑电信号也会发生相应的变化。大脑不同区域受损时会表现为一定程度的认知与运动功能障碍,本文围绕认知和运动功能障碍者脑电信号的检测与分析,开展了以下研究工作:1.本文设计了用于轻度认知功能障碍患者(MCI)认知和运动功能测试的实验方案。该实验方案涵盖多种刺激任务,且刺激内容、刺激方式以及操作难度更能适应被试,并利用计算机化的可视化编程语言平台E-Prime开发了实验程序。2.搭建了用于轻度认知功能障碍患者(MCI)患者脑电信号实验检测与分析的64导脑电系统,对MCI患者组和健康对照组(各15人)进行了信号采集实验,实验中每个被试完成5类认知任务和3类运动任务,每次持续时间约为2小时。3.对数据进行了干扰源分析、去噪以及滤波等预处理,同时对脑电数据做了时频域分析,绘制脑电地形图将脑电信号能量与位置的关系进一步可视化,从而得出不同被试的脑电信号与刺激任务、脑部功能区之间的关系。4.研究结果表明,大脑在处理信息时会伴随脑电强度的增加,信息处理的主要区域为额叶,同时随着刺激任务的难度的增加,脑电强度也有不同程度的加强;同时发现,MCI患者组在处理相同的刺激任务时,脑电强度比健康对照组更强,说明MCI患者组在处理相同的刺激任务时需要消耗更多的脑电能量,以及更多的脑神经细胞的参与。综上所述,本文采用两种刺激方式从两个维度上对MCI患者的脑电信号做了研究,其中两种刺激方式为视觉和听觉刺激,两个维度指刺激任务和脑区位置。探索出更适合MCI患者的刺激方式、刺激任务以及脑区电极布置位置,为搭建应用于MCI患者认知水平检测与训练的系统提供理论上的支持。
[Abstract]:Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) is a technology that uses brain activity directly to communicate with external devices without the participation of peripheral tissues. One of the most important methods to realize the BCI is that the (EEG), EEG is a weak physiological signal related to the brain activity, and the EEG signal will change accordingly when the brain changes. Different regions of the brain damage will show a certain degree of cognitive and motor dysfunction, this paper around cognitive and motor dysfunction EEG signal detection and analysis, carried out the following research work: 1. This paper designed an experimental scheme for (MCI) cognitive and motor function test in patients with mild cognitive impairment. The experiment scheme covers many kinds of stimulation tasks, and the stimulation content, stimulation mode and operation difficulty are more suitable for the subjects, and the experiment program is developed by using the computerized visual programming language platform E-Prime. 2. A 64-lead EEG system was set up for the experimental detection and analysis of EEG in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The signal acquisition experiments were carried out on 15 patients with MCI and 15 healthy controls. In the experiment, each of the subjects completed 5 cognitive tasks and 3 types of exercise tasks, each lasting about 2.3 hours. The interference source analysis, denoising and filtering are carried out, and the EEG data are analyzed in time-frequency domain. The EEG topographic map is used to visualize the relationship between the energy and the position of the EEG signal. Thus, the relationship between EEG and stimulation task, brain function area of different subjects was obtained. 4. 4. The results show that the brain processing information will be accompanied by an increase in the intensity of EEG, the main area of information processing is the frontal lobe, at the same time, with the increase of the difficulty of the stimulation task, the intensity of EEG will be enhanced in varying degrees. It was also found that the intensity of EEG in the MCI group was stronger than that in the healthy control group, indicating that the MCI patients needed to consume more EEG energy and participate in the same stimulation task. To sum up, two stimuli were used to study the EEG of MCI patients from two dimensions, two of which were visual and auditory stimuli, and two dimensions were the stimulation task and the location of brain area. In order to provide theoretical support for the system of cognitive level detection and training in MCI patients, the stimulation mode, the stimulation task and the location of the electrode in the brain region were explored to be more suitable for the patients with MCI.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学(北京)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R749.1;TN911.7

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