基于超宽带雷达生命探测算法研究
发布时间：2018-12-13 22:53
【摘要】：超宽带(UWB)技术从被提出以来,就备受学界推崇,由于体积小、功耗低、穿透能力强、保密性能好等一系列优点,超宽带技术得到了广泛的应用。除此之外,相比连续波雷达,超宽带雷达定位精度更高、成本更低,具有极大的研究价值。本文主要内容是超宽带雷达技术在生命探测方面的研究,设计合适算法从回波信号当中提取生命信息。首先本文叙述了一种基于多普勒效应的超宽带雷达的硬件设计理论,然后对雷达回波信号做了一些理论分析,针对回波信号微弱、易受杂波干扰、频谱比较分散等特点,提出了一种新的信号处理算法,在新算法当中,通过对原始信号滤波将呼吸和心跳两种信号做了分离,避免较强呼吸信号对较弱心跳信号的干扰,又通过时域分解和重建提取主要生命信号以及自相关运算降低噪声信号干扰,通过频谱叠加减少了雷达回波信号频谱损耗。之后本文又介绍了一种基于Chirp扫频模式的新型超宽带雷达硬件结构,针对新的雷达结构,首先利用已知固定频率物体模拟人体呼吸运动,借此求解上述实验过程中的误差,然后进行了一些复杂场景之下的生命探测实验,证明本算法能够有效提取生命信息。本文分析研究了基于超宽带雷达生命信息提取,并根据UWB雷达回波信号特点提出了一种新的信号处理算法,并对此做了相关实验测试,最终实验结果也验证本文算法的正确性,表明了将超宽带雷达应用在生命探测研究方向具有一定的参考价值和应用前景。
[Abstract]:Ultra-wideband (UWB) (UWB) technology has been praised by scholars since it was proposed. Because of its small size, low power consumption, strong penetration ability and good security performance, UWB technology has been widely used. In addition, compared with continuous wave radar, UWB radar has higher positioning accuracy and lower cost, so it has great research value. The main content of this paper is the research of UWB radar technology in life detection and the design of appropriate algorithm to extract life information from echo signal. Firstly, this paper describes the hardware design theory of UWB radar based on Doppler effect, then makes some theoretical analysis of radar echo signal, aiming at the characteristics of weak echo signal, easy to be interfered by clutter, scattered spectrum, etc. A new signal processing algorithm is proposed. In the new algorithm, the breathing and heartbeat signals are separated by filtering the original signal to avoid the interference of stronger breathing signal to the weaker heartbeat signal. The main life signals are extracted by time domain decomposition and reconstruction, and the interference of noise signals is reduced by autocorrelation operation, and the spectrum loss of radar echo signals is reduced by spectrum superposition. Then this paper introduces a new UWB radar hardware structure based on Chirp frequency sweep mode. For the new radar structure, the known fixed frequency object is first used to simulate human breathing motion, so as to solve the errors in the above experiments. Then some experiments of life detection in complex scenes are carried out, which prove that the proposed algorithm can extract life information effectively. In this paper, the life information extraction based on UWB radar is analyzed and studied, and a new signal processing algorithm is proposed according to the characteristics of UWB radar echo signal. It is indicated that UWB radar has certain reference value and application prospect in the research direction of life detection.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN957.51
本文编号：2377395
[Abstract]:Ultra-wideband (UWB) (UWB) technology has been praised by scholars since it was proposed. Because of its small size, low power consumption, strong penetration ability and good security performance, UWB technology has been widely used. In addition, compared with continuous wave radar, UWB radar has higher positioning accuracy and lower cost, so it has great research value. The main content of this paper is the research of UWB radar technology in life detection and the design of appropriate algorithm to extract life information from echo signal. Firstly, this paper describes the hardware design theory of UWB radar based on Doppler effect, then makes some theoretical analysis of radar echo signal, aiming at the characteristics of weak echo signal, easy to be interfered by clutter, scattered spectrum, etc. A new signal processing algorithm is proposed. In the new algorithm, the breathing and heartbeat signals are separated by filtering the original signal to avoid the interference of stronger breathing signal to the weaker heartbeat signal. The main life signals are extracted by time domain decomposition and reconstruction, and the interference of noise signals is reduced by autocorrelation operation, and the spectrum loss of radar echo signals is reduced by spectrum superposition. Then this paper introduces a new UWB radar hardware structure based on Chirp frequency sweep mode. For the new radar structure, the known fixed frequency object is first used to simulate human breathing motion, so as to solve the errors in the above experiments. Then some experiments of life detection in complex scenes are carried out, which prove that the proposed algorithm can extract life information effectively. In this paper, the life information extraction based on UWB radar is analyzed and studied, and a new signal processing algorithm is proposed according to the characteristics of UWB radar echo signal. It is indicated that UWB radar has certain reference value and application prospect in the research direction of life detection.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN957.51
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