水声传感器网络机会路由协议设计

发布时间：2018-12-17 04:51

【摘要】：海洋工程已经成为当今科学技术研究的一大热点,水声通信是在开发海洋资源和发展海洋军事中的关键技术之一,研究和开发水声通信系统具有非常重要的科研意义和应用价值。随着无线组网技术等的发展,水声传感器网络逐渐成为水声通信的支撑技术。近些年,研究人员在水声信道、水声调制解调器、MAC、路由等诸多方面对水声传感器网络展开了研究,取得不小的进展。水下的通信环境非常严苛,水声信道是一种双选择性衰落信道,具有时变、空变、频变的特点,存在严重的多径效应和多普勒效应。水声传感器网络往往需要通过多跳路径将收集到的数据传递到海面的汇聚节点。因此如何在多径干扰严重、背景噪声大、延时扩展大、可用带宽窄的水声通信环境中提供可靠的路由是水声通信网络设计的关键之一。本文以水声传感器网络路由层为研究对象,从提高数据包投递率和节约能量消耗的角度出发对水声机会路由进行设计。在分析了传感器网络特点及现有的路由协议的基础上,结合了无线机会路由协议利用中间节点正确接收数据的思想,提出了基于深度的水声机会路由协议(Depth-based Underwater Opportunistic Routing protocol,DUOR)。并通过对路由协议中普遍存在的空白区域问题及数据传递路径“走偏”问题的分析,对方案进行了改进,来得到更可靠、节约能耗的数据传输。最后,为了评估本文提出的路由协议,利用Opnet对其进行了建模仿真,仿真结果表明,与DBR相比,本文提出的DUOR协议能够利用较少的能量消耗的同时,能够得到较高的数据包投递率,但是需要花费的平均端到端延时较长。
[Abstract]:Ocean engineering has become a hot spot in the research of science and technology nowadays. Underwater acoustic communication is one of the key technologies in the development of marine resources and marine military affairs. The research and development of underwater acoustic communication system has very important scientific research significance and application value. With the development of wireless networking technology, underwater acoustic sensor network has gradually become the supporting technology of underwater acoustic communication. In recent years, researchers have made great progress on underwater acoustic sensor networks in many aspects, such as underwater acoustic channels, underwater acoustic modems, MAC, routing and so on. Underwater communication environment is very harsh, underwater acoustic channel is a kind of dual selective fading channel, with the characteristics of time-varying, spatial variability, frequency change, there are serious multipath effect and Doppler effect. Underwater acoustic sensor networks often need to transfer the collected data to the convergence node of the sea surface through multi-hop paths. Therefore, how to provide reliable routing in underwater acoustic communication environment with wide band is one of the key issues in the design of underwater acoustic communication network. Taking the routing layer of underwater acoustic sensor networks as the research object, this paper designs the underwater acoustic opportunistic routing from the point of view of increasing packet delivery rate and saving energy consumption. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of sensor networks and the existing routing protocols, combined with the idea that wireless opportunistic routing protocols receive data correctly by using intermediate nodes, a profundity based underwater acoustic opportunistic routing protocol (Depth-based Underwater Opportunistic Routing protocol,) is proposed. DUOR). Through the analysis of the blank area problem and the problem of "deviation" of the data transfer path, the scheme is improved to obtain more reliable and energy saving data transmission. Finally, in order to evaluate the routing protocol proposed in this paper, Opnet is used to model and simulate the routing protocol. The simulation results show that compared with DBR, the proposed DUOR protocol can use less energy consumption at the same time. Higher packet delivery rate can be obtained, but the average end-to-end delay is longer.
【学位授予单位】：华南理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN929.3;TP212.9

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