金属边界终端WLAN天线

发布时间：2019-01-10 15:46

【摘要】：随着无线网络通信的广泛应用,人们连接到互联网更加便捷快速。其中,无线局域网(WLAN)是移动终端和互联网之间建立可靠、快速、安全连接比较普遍的技术,最常用的WLAN标准包含IEEE 802.11a/b/g。多功能化、智能化、超薄超轻以及金属质感是移动终端发展的潮流,而其天线是移动终端WLAN调制信号的发射源和接收源,所设计的参数指标对整个无线系统至关重要,这就给移动终端天线的设计带来了巨大机遇与挑战。传统的WLAN天线具有良好的传输参数,但是其尺寸太大或者不适用于金属边界情况,因此研究和设计符合移动终端发展潮流的WLAN天线具有极其重要的实际意义。本文首先介绍了WLAN协议以及相关技术的发展;并介绍目前国内外WLAN天线的发展现状和本文所要解决的难题以及设计方法。其次,提出了两款基于环天线的具有极低剖面的适用于全金属边界的平板电脑天线方案。文中使用的平板电脑是10.1英寸(约为250 mm×170 mm),其中屏幕大小是232 mm×130 mm,厚度为3 mm,因此预留给天线的空间是极其有限的。设计的两款WLAN双频天线的具有极低剖面(高度都只有3 mm)是其最大的设计亮点和创新;第一款天线是一个双环结构,双环分别独立谐振于2.4 GHz和5.8GHz,占据面积为26.8 mm×8.5 mm,第二款天线融合了环天线和IFA天线的设计,其高频5.8 GHz是借助方案一的环天线思路,低频2.4 GHz是采用IFA结构,占据面积为31.9 mm×6 mm,为未来低剖面金属边界的移动终端天线设计带来了新的思路。再次,基于前面两款环天线方案设计了三款新型对称圆环双频WLAN全向天线。第一款天线是基于方案一的双环结构,由六个环组成了对称圆环天线,天线整体分为上下两层结构:上面一层物理尺寸和2.4 GHz的1/2波长相对应,下面一层物理尺寸和5.8 GHz的1/2波长相对应。第二款天线是基于方案二的新型IFA天线,由六个IFA结构组成了中心对称结构。第三款天线和第二款天线的设计思路一致,用来应对当天线的地板大小不同时对天线参数的影响,而且进一步减小了天线的高度。设计的三款中心对称圆天线具有良好的阻抗带宽和球域或半球域全向性,覆盖了2.4 GHz/5.8 GHz频段,而且其结构具有对称性。最后,本文提出了一款用于无人机的小型化圆形微带天线,其充分利用了无人机摄像机支架部分,使得在无人机摄像头旋转时,天线的辐射方向图几乎保持不变。所设计的天线尺寸为π×102 mm2×3 mm,具有较宽的带宽和半球域全向性,适用于5.8 GHz WLAN通信。本文所设计的两款超低剖面全金属边界的WLAN天线、三款全向天线以及一款无人机天线都具有良好的阻抗特性,天线的测试结果满足频段内大于10 dB的回波损耗和大于60%的效率要求以及全向性。
[Abstract]:With the wide application of wireless network communication, people connect to the Internet more convenient and faster. Among them, WLAN (WLAN) is a reliable, fast and secure connection technology between mobile terminal and Internet. The most commonly used WLAN standard includes IEEE 802.11a / b / g. Multifunctional, intelligent, ultra-thin, ultra-light and metal texture are the trend of mobile terminal development, and its antenna is the transmitter and receiver of WLAN modulation signal of mobile terminal. The parameter index is very important to the whole wireless system. This brings great opportunities and challenges to the design of mobile terminal antenna. The traditional WLAN antenna has good transmission parameters, but its size is too large or not suitable for the metal boundary case, so it is of great practical significance to study and design the WLAN antenna which conforms to the development trend of mobile terminal. This paper first introduces the development of WLAN protocol and related technologies, and introduces the current development of WLAN antenna at home and abroad, the problems to be solved in this paper and the design method. Secondly, two planar computer antenna schemes with very low profile based on ring antenna are proposed for all metal boundary. The tablet used in this paper is 10.1-inch, and the screen size is 232 mm 脳 130 mm, and the thickness is 3 mm, so the space reserved for the antenna is extremely limited. The design of two WLAN dual-frequency antennas with very low profile (height only 3 mm) is the biggest design highlight and innovation; The first antenna is a two-ring structure, which resonates independently at 2.4 GHz and 5.8 GHz, respectively, and occupies an area of 26.8 mm 脳 8.5 mm,. The second antenna combines the design of the ring antenna and the IFA antenna. The high frequency 5.8 GHz is based on the idea of ring antenna of scheme one, and the low frequency 2.4 GHz is constructed with IFA structure, occupying an area of 31.9 mm 脳 6 mm, which brings a new idea for the design of mobile terminal antenna with low profile metal boundary in the future. Thirdly, three new symmetrical ring dual frequency WLAN omnidirectional antennas are designed based on the two previous ring antenna schemes. The first antenna is a two-ring structure based on scheme one, which consists of six rings. The antenna is divided into two layers: the physical size of the upper layer corresponds to the 1 / 2 wavelength of 2. 4 GHz. The physical size of the next layer corresponds to the 1 / 2 wavelength of 5.8 GHz. The second antenna is a new type of IFA antenna based on scheme 2, which consists of six IFA structures. The design idea of the third antenna and the second antenna is the same, which is used to deal with the influence of the different floor size on the antenna parameters, and further reduces the antenna height. The three center-symmetric circular antennas have good impedance bandwidth, spherical or hemispherical omni-directionality, covering the 2.4 GHz/5.8 GHz band, and their structures have symmetry. Finally, a miniaturized circular microstrip antenna for UAV is proposed, which makes full use of the UAV camera bracket and makes the radiation pattern of the antenna almost unchanged when the UAV camera rotates. The designed antenna size is 蟺脳 10 ~ 2 mm2 脳 3 mm, with wide bandwidth and hemispherical omni-directional, which is suitable for 5.8 GHz WLAN communication. In this paper, two ultra-low profile all-metal boundary WLAN antennas, three omnidirectional antennas and one UAV antenna have good impedance characteristics. The antenna test results satisfy the echo loss of more than 10 dB and the efficiency requirement of more than 60% in the frequency band.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN828

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