基于WSN的气体源点定位技术研究

发布时间：2019-01-27 22:34

【摘要】：近年来,工业的发展尤为迅速,工厂在生产过程中会产生工业废气,有些废气会对我们的生活造成严重影响,同时还会对我们生存的环境造成严重的污染。化工厂有时候会出现意外突发状况——化工气体泄漏事件,当突发事件发生时,如果能够对泄漏点迅速定位,就能迅速对泄漏事件做出反应,大大降低气体泄漏带来的影响。气体源的定位是通过一定的方法对气体排放源头进行迅速定位,以便于对气体污染做出迅速处理。随着各种微型传感器的出现,无线传感网络以其低成本,低功耗的优点被广泛的应用到军事、环境、医疗等领域。针对以上问题本文做了如下工作:论文针对各种不同的无线传感网络定位技术进行了分类和讨论,介绍了几种在研究中常用的定位算法,并分析了这几种定位算法的优缺点以及其局限性。针对气体扩散的物理特征以及影响气体扩散的一些因素进行简单的分析,同时还介绍了研究中常用的气体湍流扩散模型和高斯烟羽模型,在无风和有风的条件下对气体湍流扩散模型进行论述,随后对高斯模型进行了简单的分析和仿真论证。为了简化对气体扩散的模拟,本文采用等值线对气体扩散进行模拟。首先本文介绍了等值线的绘制工具和绘制方法,随后介绍了Surfer软件绘制等值线的优势,接着本文以具体实例对利用Surfer软件绘制等值线的步骤进行详细的介绍,并对气体等值线的一些规律进行阐述,同时还对绘制的气体扩散等值线进行了简单的分析。本文对研究中常用的气体源点定位的算法进行了简单的论述,结合不同算法的优缺点,本文采用加权质心定位算法针对无风条件下的气体源点进行定位,并根据具体的实验进行仿真验证,验证了加权质心算法的可行性。针对有风条件下加权质心算法定位误差较大的问题,本文结合粒子滤波定位器的特点和适用范围,采用粒子滤波算法来对气体源点进行定位,以降低有风条件下系统对气体源点定位的误差。本文以序贯重要性采样粒子滤波器进行详细的介绍了粒子滤波器的优点,进而对有风条件下的气体源点的粒子滤波定位算法进行详细的阐述。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development of industry is especially rapid. Factories will produce industrial waste gas in the process of production, some of which will have a serious impact on our lives, but also will cause serious pollution to our living environment. Chemical plants sometimes have an unexpected emergency-chemical gas leakage, when the emergency occurs, if the leakage point can be quickly located, can quickly respond to the leakage incident, greatly reduce the impact of gas leakage. The location of gas source is to locate the source of gas emission by certain method, so as to deal with the gas pollution quickly. With the emergence of various micro sensors, wireless sensor networks are widely used in military, environmental, medical and other fields because of their low cost and low power consumption. Aiming at the above problems, this paper has done the following work: this paper classifies and discusses various kinds of wireless sensor network localization technology, and introduces several common localization algorithms in the research. The advantages and disadvantages of these algorithms are analyzed. The physical characteristics of gas diffusion and some factors affecting gas diffusion are simply analyzed. The gas turbulent diffusion model and Gao Si smoke plume model are also introduced. In the absence of wind and wind, the gas turbulent diffusion model is discussed, and then the Gao Si model is analyzed and simulated. In order to simplify the simulation of gas diffusion, the contour line is used to simulate the gas diffusion. Firstly, this paper introduces the drawing tools and methods of isoline, then introduces the advantages of Surfer software to draw isoline, and then introduces the steps of drawing isoline using Surfer software in detail with concrete examples. Some laws of gas contours are expounded, and the gas diffusion isolines drawn are analyzed simply. In this paper, the commonly used gas source location algorithms are briefly discussed. Combined with the advantages and disadvantages of different algorithms, the weighted centroid localization algorithm is used to locate the gas source points under the condition of no wind. The feasibility of the weighted centroid algorithm is verified by simulation. Aiming at the problem of large positioning error of weighted centroid algorithm under the condition of wind, combined with the characteristics and applicable range of particle filter locator, this paper uses particle filter algorithm to locate gas source. In order to reduce the system positioning error of gas source under the condition of wind. In this paper, the advantages of particle filter are introduced in detail by sequential importance sampling particle filter, and then the particle filter location algorithm of gas source point under wind condition is described in detail.
【学位授予单位】：河南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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