宽带圆极化波导缝隙天线的研究
发布时间：2019-01-30 08:27
【摘要】：宽带通信由于通信容量大、保密性好等诸多优点,成为通信系统研究的重要部分。而圆极化天线由于抗干扰能力强、能够接受任意线极化及相同旋向圆极化来波等优点而广泛应用于雷达、导航、卫星等电子系统中。同时波导缝隙天线具有高增益、高效率、结构紧凑等优点。因此本文对宽带圆极化波导缝隙天线进行深入研究,设计出两种宽带圆极化天线单元和阵列。研究内容主要包括：第一,提出一种加载背腔式H型宽缝的新型圆极化波导缝隙天线。天线在馈电波导宽边开纵缝的基础上,加载旋转45°放置的方形金属腔,金属腔的上口面加矩形微扰形成H型宽缝。馈电波导将能量从宽边纵缝耦合至上方的腔体,激励出两种空间正交的电场模式。H型宽缝引入微扰实现90°相差,从而辐射圆极化波。背腔式宽缝的引入实现了宽带圆极化辐射。本文设计了中心频率为12.5GHz的1×8线阵,仿真得到线阵的阻抗带宽为4%,轴比带宽为6.4%,增益为17dB,副瓣电平为-17dB。第二,为降低天线剖面,将第一种设计中倾斜的腔体优化为正常放置,H型宽缝改为对角有一对方片微扰的方形宽缝。优化后天线高度降低了25%。研制出中心频率为12.5GHz的1×8线阵。测得的阻抗带宽为6.9%,轴比带宽为8.8%,增益15.4dB,口径效率53.7%。第三,设计了一种新型的加载双层贴片的圆极化波导缝隙天线阵。天线单元由三部分组成,分别是馈电波导、一对分裂的切角贴片和完整的切角贴片。整体天线剖面较低,高度为半个空间波长。圆极化性能由两层切角贴片实现,层叠的贴片结构可以产生两个相互靠近的谐振点,从而展宽轴比带宽。本文设计了中心频率为10.5GHz的1×10线阵,仿真得到的阻抗带宽为5.4%,轴比带宽为15.2%,增益为17dB。本文设计了两种宽带圆极化波导缝隙天线阵列,将传统波导缝隙天线与宽带圆极化单元相结合,使新的天线结构不仅具有波导缝隙天线增益高、效率高的优点,而且拥有加载的圆极化单元宽轴比带宽的性能。天线整体结构紧凑、剖面低、易加工,具有很好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Broadband communication has become an important part of communication system because of its large capacity and good confidentiality. The circular polarization antenna is widely used in radar, navigation, satellite and other electronic systems because of its strong anti-jamming ability and can accept the advantages of arbitrary line polarization and the same rotating circular polarization wave. At the same time, waveguide slot antenna has the advantages of high gain, high efficiency and compact structure. In this paper, two kinds of broadband circularly polarized antenna elements and arrays are designed. The main contents are as follows: first, a novel circularly polarized waveguide slot antenna loaded with H-shaped wide slit is proposed. On the basis of the longitudinal slot on the wide edge of the feed waveguide, the square metal cavity with 45 掳rotation is loaded and the upper surface of the metal cavity is perturbed by rectangular perturbation to form H-shaped wide slit. The feed waveguide couples the energy from the longitudinal slit of the wide edge to the upper cavity, and excites two spatially orthogonal electric field modes. The H-shaped wide slit is introduced into the perturbation to realize the 90 掳phase difference, thus the circular polarization wave is radiated. The broadband circular polarization radiation is realized by the introduction of the back cavity wide slit. A 1 脳 8 linear array with center frequency of 12.5GHz is designed in this paper. The simulation results show that the impedance bandwidth of the linear array is 4, the axial ratio bandwidth is 6.4, the gain is 17 dB, and the sidelobe level is -17 dB. Secondly, in order to reduce the antenna profile, the sloping cavity in the first design is optimized for normal placement, and the H type wide slit is changed to a square wide slot with a diagonal perturbation of each other. The optimized antenna height is reduced by 25%. A 1 脳 8 linear array with center frequency of 12.5GHz has been developed. The measured impedance bandwidth is 6.9, axial ratio bandwidth is 8.8, gain is 15.4 dB, aperture efficiency is 53.7. Thirdly, a new circular polarization waveguide slot antenna array loaded with double layer patch is designed. The antenna element consists of three parts: feed waveguide, split tangent patch and complete tangent patch. The whole antenna profile is low and the height is half space wavelength. The circular polarization is realized by two layers of tangential patch. The stacked patch structure can produce two resonant points close to each other and widen the bandwidth of axial ratio. A 1 脳 10 linear array with center frequency of 10.5GHz is designed in this paper. The simulation results show that the impedance bandwidth is 5.4, the axial ratio bandwidth is 15.2 and the gain is 17 dB. In this paper, two kinds of wide-band circularly polarized waveguide slot antenna arrays are designed. By combining the traditional waveguide slot antennas with broadband circular polarization elements, the new antenna structure not only has the advantages of high gain and high efficiency of waveguide slot antennas. Moreover, it has the performance of wide axis ratio bandwidth of loaded circular polarization cell. The antenna has a compact structure, low profile, easy processing, and has a good application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN823.24
，
本文编号：2417943
[Abstract]:Broadband communication has become an important part of communication system because of its large capacity and good confidentiality. The circular polarization antenna is widely used in radar, navigation, satellite and other electronic systems because of its strong anti-jamming ability and can accept the advantages of arbitrary line polarization and the same rotating circular polarization wave. At the same time, waveguide slot antenna has the advantages of high gain, high efficiency and compact structure. In this paper, two kinds of broadband circularly polarized antenna elements and arrays are designed. The main contents are as follows: first, a novel circularly polarized waveguide slot antenna loaded with H-shaped wide slit is proposed. On the basis of the longitudinal slot on the wide edge of the feed waveguide, the square metal cavity with 45 掳rotation is loaded and the upper surface of the metal cavity is perturbed by rectangular perturbation to form H-shaped wide slit. The feed waveguide couples the energy from the longitudinal slit of the wide edge to the upper cavity, and excites two spatially orthogonal electric field modes. The H-shaped wide slit is introduced into the perturbation to realize the 90 掳phase difference, thus the circular polarization wave is radiated. The broadband circular polarization radiation is realized by the introduction of the back cavity wide slit. A 1 脳 8 linear array with center frequency of 12.5GHz is designed in this paper. The simulation results show that the impedance bandwidth of the linear array is 4, the axial ratio bandwidth is 6.4, the gain is 17 dB, and the sidelobe level is -17 dB. Secondly, in order to reduce the antenna profile, the sloping cavity in the first design is optimized for normal placement, and the H type wide slit is changed to a square wide slot with a diagonal perturbation of each other. The optimized antenna height is reduced by 25%. A 1 脳 8 linear array with center frequency of 12.5GHz has been developed. The measured impedance bandwidth is 6.9, axial ratio bandwidth is 8.8, gain is 15.4 dB, aperture efficiency is 53.7. Thirdly, a new circular polarization waveguide slot antenna array loaded with double layer patch is designed. The antenna element consists of three parts: feed waveguide, split tangent patch and complete tangent patch. The whole antenna profile is low and the height is half space wavelength. The circular polarization is realized by two layers of tangential patch. The stacked patch structure can produce two resonant points close to each other and widen the bandwidth of axial ratio. A 1 脳 10 linear array with center frequency of 10.5GHz is designed in this paper. The simulation results show that the impedance bandwidth is 5.4, the axial ratio bandwidth is 15.2 and the gain is 17 dB. In this paper, two kinds of wide-band circularly polarized waveguide slot antenna arrays are designed. By combining the traditional waveguide slot antennas with broadband circular polarization elements, the new antenna structure not only has the advantages of high gain and high efficiency of waveguide slot antennas. Moreover, it has the performance of wide axis ratio bandwidth of loaded circular polarization cell. The antenna has a compact structure, low profile, easy processing, and has a good application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TN823.24
，
本文编号：2417943
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