基于BLE室内定位关键技术研究与开发

发布时间：2019-03-12 16:11

【摘要】：随着无线通信技术和计算机领域的快速发展,人们对定位方面的需求越来越多。但是大型商场等场所的环境状况,会对GPS定位系统的信号传播造成一定的影响,从而很难达到预想的定位效果。所以本文针对此定位场景进行分析和模拟测试,使得在此环境下也具有较好的定位效果。本文首先对研究背景和国内外当前室内定位的研究现状进行比较分析。通过对当前主流的室内定位技术进行阐述和分析优缺点,采用具有低功耗、抗干扰、远距离的蓝牙4.0技术作为系统平台的硬件搭建。然后对蓝牙4.0技术进行详细的介绍和阐述,并对蓝牙的组网和系统结构进行探索,并采用一主多从的组网方式,这也是建立测距模型和验证定位算法的有效性的前提条件。其次,本文采用基于距离测量的定位方法。根据室内的环境,建立基于接收信号强度指示(Receive Signal Strength Indicator,RSSI)的路径损耗模型。由于采集的RSSI值容易受到室内多径效应的干扰,导致粗大误差数据或随机误差数据的出现。本文采用拉依达检验法结合卡尔曼滤波算法,对产生的误差数据进行滤波处理,从而构建出准确的路径损耗模型。最后,本文通过理论分析,设计了优化的加权四边定位算法进行最终的室内定位分析和测试。由于加权四边定位算法仍存有不足,因此对其加权值所占的比重进行分析,通过实验数据验证获取最优的加权值参数。在建立较为准确的路径损耗模型的基础上,在室内建立相应的测试点,对当前使用较多的三边测量法、加权质心定位算法和优化的加权四边定位算法进行数据采集和定位分析。通过分析最终的定位数据,验证了优化后的室内定位算法在实际环境中定位效果较好,定位精度基本在0.6米以内,满足当前室内定位的要求。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of wireless communication technology and computer field, there is more and more demand for location. However, the environmental conditions of large-scale shopping malls and other places will have a certain impact on the signal propagation of GPS positioning system, so it is difficult to achieve the desired positioning effect. So this paper carries on the analysis and the simulation test to this localization scene, makes under this environment also has the better localization effect. Firstly, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the research background and the current research situation of indoor positioning at home and abroad. By expounding and analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of the current mainstream indoor positioning technology, the bluetooth 4.0 technology with low power consumption, anti-interference and long distance is used to build the hardware of the system platform. Then the bluetooth 4.0 technology is introduced and elaborated in detail, and the network and system structure of Bluetooth are explored, and one master multi-slave networking mode is adopted, which is also the precondition to establish ranging model and verify the validity of location algorithm. Secondly, the positioning method based on range measurement is adopted in this paper. According to the indoor environment, a path loss model based on the received signal strength indicator (Receive Signal Strength Indicator,RSSI) is established. The RSSI value collected is easily interfered by indoor multipath effect, which leads to the appearance of coarse error data or random error data. In this paper, the Lajda test combined with Kalman filtering algorithm is used to filter the resulting error data, and then an accurate path loss model is constructed. Finally, based on the theoretical analysis, this paper designs an optimized weighted quadrilateral positioning algorithm to carry out the final indoor positioning analysis and testing. Because of the deficiency of the weighted quadrangle localization algorithm, the proportion of the weighted value is analyzed, and the optimal weighted value parameter is obtained through the experimental data verification. On the basis of establishing a more accurate path loss model, the corresponding measurement points are set up in the laboratory. The data acquisition and location analysis are carried out by using more trilateral measurement methods, weighted centroid localization algorithm and optimized weighted four-edge localization algorithm. Through the analysis of the final positioning data, it is verified that the optimized indoor positioning algorithm has a good positioning effect in the actual environment, and the positioning accuracy is basically within 0.6 meters, which meets the requirements of the current indoor positioning.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN92

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