超宽带MIMO天线的设计与研制
发布时间：2019-06-28 16:06
【摘要】：移动无线通信技术在本世纪革命性的发展,改变了人类的生活方式,人们对通信质量与速率的要求随之提高,对移动设备的轻巧便携度的要求也越来越高。通讯系统能否正常工作一定程度上取决于天线性能的优劣,天线技术的研究意义不言而喻。提高通信质量与速率的两个关键技术包括多输入多输出(Multiple Input Multiple Output;MIMO)技术和超宽带(Ultra Wideband;UWB)技术,将MIMO技术和UWB技术结合起来,实现了二者的优缺互补。本文针对UWB-MIMO天线的高隔离度和小型化进行了研究。具体工作分为以下几个部分:1.总结了UWB和MIMO技术的理论基础以及研究现状,分析了UWB-MIMO天线的设计研究要领,为接下来的工作奠定了理论基础。2.研究设计了一款双极化UWB-MIMO天线;首先通过分析发现槽天线更利于小型化,于是以槽天线为原型设计双极化天线;接着对双极化槽天线的开槽方式进行了分析,为了进一步减小尺寸选择了在共面地上开槽的方法,通过此方法使天线面积减小了30%;为了天线单元能够独立工作,又设计了箭头型的隔离结构和L型匹配枝节,使得最终实现天线的工作在3.1GHz-10.6GHz完全符合超宽带频段而又不超出,非常适合用于超宽带系统而无需滤波器件,可以降低了设计复杂度节省预算,而天线的隔离度最终也达到在工作频段高于20dB的效果,经过测试发现结果与用CST仿真软件得到的仿真结果基本吻合,实现了设计初衷。3.研究设计了具有陷波功能的UWB-MIMO天线;首先研究了单极子天线的小型化方法,采用半切法减小了天线的尺寸;为了避免通讯系统间的相互干扰,研究了设计阻带的方法,通过在辐射贴片上蚀刻C型槽实现了WLAN频段的阻带,调节天线辐射贴片的尺寸,使得天线低频提高到3.7GHz,直接隔绝了WiMax频段;为了应用于MIMO通信系统,将单极子天线组成了MIMO天线,通过仿真分析了天线的布局方式对隔离度的影响;为了进一步提高隔离度,设计了平面螺旋结构,天线的隔离度提高到了20dB以上;为了提高数据传输速率更好的应用于MIMO系统,设计了四单元的单极子UWB-MIMO天线,在介质板背面中心设置了一个曲边菱形,提高了相对天线单元的隔离度,最终四个端口互相的隔离度都高于20dB。加工测试后与仿真结果对比几乎一致,说明设计方法得到了很好的实现。
[Abstract]:The revolutionary development of mobile wireless communication technology in this century has changed the way of life of human beings. With the improvement of communication quality and speed, the requirement of light portability of mobile devices is getting higher and higher. Whether the communication system can work properly depends on the performance of the antenna to a certain extent, and the research significance of antenna technology is self-evident. The two key technologies to improve communication quality and rate include multi-input multi-output (Multiple Input Multiple Output;MIMO technology and ultra-broadband (Ultra Wideband;UWB) technology. MIMO technology and UWB technology are combined to realize the complementary advantages and disadvantages of the two technologies. In this paper, the high isolation and miniaturization of UWB-MIMO antenna are studied. The specific work is divided into the following parts: 1. The theoretical basis and research status of UWB and MIMO technology are summarized, and the design and research essentials of UWB-MIMO antenna are analyzed, which lays a theoretical foundation for the next work. 2. A dual polarization UWB-MIMO antenna is studied and designed. Firstly, it is found that the slot antenna is more suitable for miniaturization, so the dual polarization antenna is designed based on the slot antenna. Then, the slot mode of the dual polarization slot antenna is analyzed. In order to further reduce the size, the slot method on the coplanar ground is selected, and the antenna area is reduced by 30%. In order to work independently, the arrow isolation structure and L-type matching branch are designed, so that the antenna work in 3.1GHz-10.6GHz is completely in line with the ultra-broadband band without exceeding. It is very suitable for ultra-broadband system without filtering devices, which can reduce the design complexity and save the budget, and the isolation of the antenna can finally achieve the effect that the antenna is higher than 20dB in the working frequency band. After testing, it is found that the results are in good agreement with the simulation results obtained by CST simulation software, and the original intention of the design is realized. The UWB-MIMO antenna with notch function is studied and designed. Firstly, the miniaturization method of monopole antenna is studied, and the size of the antenna is reduced by semi-tangent method. In order to avoid the mutual interference between communication systems, the method of designing stopband is studied, the stopband of WLAN band is realized by etched C slot on the radiation patch, the size of antenna radiation patch is adjusted, the low frequency of antenna is increased to 3.7 GHz, and the WiMax band is directly isolated. In order to apply to MIMO communication system, the monopole antenna is composed of MIMO antenna, and the influence of antenna layout on isolation degree is analyzed by simulation. In order to further improve the isolation degree, a planar spiral structure is designed, and the isolation degree of antenna is increased to above 20dB. In order to improve the data transmission rate, a four-element monopole UWB-MIMO antenna is designed. A curved edge diamond is set in the center of the back of the dielectric plate, which improves the isolation degree of the relative antenna element. Finally, the isolation degree of the four ports is higher than 20 dB. After machining and testing, the results are almost consistent with the simulation results, which shows that the design method has been well realized.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN822
本文编号：2507432
[Abstract]:The revolutionary development of mobile wireless communication technology in this century has changed the way of life of human beings. With the improvement of communication quality and speed, the requirement of light portability of mobile devices is getting higher and higher. Whether the communication system can work properly depends on the performance of the antenna to a certain extent, and the research significance of antenna technology is self-evident. The two key technologies to improve communication quality and rate include multi-input multi-output (Multiple Input Multiple Output;MIMO technology and ultra-broadband (Ultra Wideband;UWB) technology. MIMO technology and UWB technology are combined to realize the complementary advantages and disadvantages of the two technologies. In this paper, the high isolation and miniaturization of UWB-MIMO antenna are studied. The specific work is divided into the following parts: 1. The theoretical basis and research status of UWB and MIMO technology are summarized, and the design and research essentials of UWB-MIMO antenna are analyzed, which lays a theoretical foundation for the next work. 2. A dual polarization UWB-MIMO antenna is studied and designed. Firstly, it is found that the slot antenna is more suitable for miniaturization, so the dual polarization antenna is designed based on the slot antenna. Then, the slot mode of the dual polarization slot antenna is analyzed. In order to further reduce the size, the slot method on the coplanar ground is selected, and the antenna area is reduced by 30%. In order to work independently, the arrow isolation structure and L-type matching branch are designed, so that the antenna work in 3.1GHz-10.6GHz is completely in line with the ultra-broadband band without exceeding. It is very suitable for ultra-broadband system without filtering devices, which can reduce the design complexity and save the budget, and the isolation of the antenna can finally achieve the effect that the antenna is higher than 20dB in the working frequency band. After testing, it is found that the results are in good agreement with the simulation results obtained by CST simulation software, and the original intention of the design is realized. The UWB-MIMO antenna with notch function is studied and designed. Firstly, the miniaturization method of monopole antenna is studied, and the size of the antenna is reduced by semi-tangent method. In order to avoid the mutual interference between communication systems, the method of designing stopband is studied, the stopband of WLAN band is realized by etched C slot on the radiation patch, the size of antenna radiation patch is adjusted, the low frequency of antenna is increased to 3.7 GHz, and the WiMax band is directly isolated. In order to apply to MIMO communication system, the monopole antenna is composed of MIMO antenna, and the influence of antenna layout on isolation degree is analyzed by simulation. In order to further improve the isolation degree, a planar spiral structure is designed, and the isolation degree of antenna is increased to above 20dB. In order to improve the data transmission rate, a four-element monopole UWB-MIMO antenna is designed. A curved edge diamond is set in the center of the back of the dielectric plate, which improves the isolation degree of the relative antenna element. Finally, the isolation degree of the four ports is higher than 20 dB. After machining and testing, the results are almost consistent with the simulation results, which shows that the design method has been well realized.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN822
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 殷勤业,张莹,丁乐,孟银阔;协作分集:一种新的空域分集技术[J];西安交通大学学报;2005年06期
，本文编号：2507432
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