基于MEMS传感器的无线网络地震传感器的设计

发布时间：2017-12-27 16:55

本文关键词：基于MEMS传感器的无线网络地震传感器的设计　出处：《西安石油大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着计算机技术不断发展和地震勘探新方法的提出,地震勘探装备的数据处理能力有了大幅度提高。地震传感器是地震勘探装备的主要组成部分,提高地震传感器的性能是提高地震勘探质量的关键。但是针对复杂的地理环境,传统的地震传感器由于抗干扰能力弱、灵敏度低、布线困难、不易扩展等弊端,已经无法满足现代特殊环境下地震勘探的要求。针对上述问题本文设计了一种无线网络地震传感器系统,该系统能够实现多通道无线同步采集,并且可以消除传感器安装位置的影响,它可以广泛应用于地震监测、石油勘探、导航系统和军事上弹着点定位等领域。本文首先结合MEMS技术和无线通信技术制定了无线网络地震传感器的系统方案。系统由地震采集单元和上位机控制单元组成,地震采集单元和上位机控制单元通过无线模块实现命令和数据传输,上位机控制单元发送控制指令,地震采集单元实现地震数据采集、数据校正和数据上传,利用GPS模块产生的秒脉冲信号实现各地震采集单元的同步地震信号采集。然后设计了无线网络地震传感器系统的硬件电路,硬件电路包括主控制器模块电路设计、MEMS传感器模块电路设计、无线模块电路设计、GPS模块电路设计和USB转串口电路设计。最后提出了MEMS传感器姿态自校正算法,完成了加速度传感器自校软件设计,通过实验证明姿态自校正算法可以消除传感器安装位置的影响。无线网络地震传感器系统设计完成后,经过了系统组装、模块调试、野外同步采集实验和校正实验。实验结果证明,该系统能够实现无线同步地震信号采集,地震传感器通过姿态自校正处理能够消除传感器安装位置的影响,解决了特殊环境下地震传感器布排困难的问题。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development of computer technology and the new method of seismic exploration, the data processing capability of seismic exploration equipment has been greatly improved. Seismic sensor is the main component of seismic exploration equipment. Improving the performance of seismic sensor is the key to improve the quality of seismic exploration. However, in view of the complex geographical environment, the traditional seismic sensors are unable to meet the requirements of seismic exploration in modern special environment due to their weak anti-interference ability, low sensitivity, difficult wiring and difficult expansion. This paper designs a wireless network seismic sensor system, the system can realize multi channel wireless synchronous acquisition, and can eliminate the influence of the sensor position, it can be widely used in the field of earthquake monitoring, oil exploration, navigation and military impact location etc.. In this paper, the system scheme of wireless network seismic sensor is formulated by combining MEMS technology and wireless communication technology. Unit control system consists of seismic acquisition unit and PC, seismic data acquisition unit and PC control unit through the wireless module command and data transmission unit sends the control command to the host control machine, seismic acquisition unit to realize seismic data acquisition, data correction and data upload, produced by the GPS module of the second pulse signal to realize synchronous seismic signal the acquisition of seismic acquisition unit. Then the hardware circuit of wireless network seismic sensor system is designed. The hardware circuit includes main controller module circuit design, MEMS sensor module circuit design, wireless module circuit design, GPS module circuit design and USB serial port circuit design. Finally, the attitude self-tuning algorithm of MEMS sensor is proposed, and the self calibration software design of accelerometer is completed. It is proved by experiment that attitude self correction algorithm can eliminate the influence of sensor installation position. After the design of the wireless network seismic sensor system is completed, the system assembly, module debugging, field synchronous acquisition experiment and correction experiment are carried out. Experimental results show that the system can achieve wireless synchronous seismic signal acquisition, and the seismic sensor can eliminate the influence of sensor installation position through posture self correction, and solve the problem of layout of seismic sensors under special environment.
【学位授予单位】：西安石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH763;TP212

【相似文献】