血浆分离式血液透析机人机交互功能开发

发布时间：2018-01-31 08:03

本文关键词： 血液净化 QT 人机交互数据库串口通信　出处：《重庆大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：血液净化是肾病患者治疗和维持生命的主要手段,随着全世界肾病患者的持续增加,对高品质的血液净化设备的需求也日益迫切。而且血液净化技术治疗的疾病已不再局限于肾病患者的治疗,在临床上,血液净化已经推广到肝脏疾病、药物中毒、风湿、农药中毒、败血症等。我国需要透析治疗的终末期肾脏病患者,治愈率不到发达国家的十分之一,还有80%的患者没有得到透析治疗。而我国的血液净化设备市场长期被欧美国家垄断,国产设备市场占有额不到10%。目前国家正在加强医疗改革建设和完善医疗保障制度,血液净化的市场需求变得更加迫切。因此研发出安全可靠的血液净化设备是当务之急。目前市场上的透析机人机交互操作复杂,有些还是运用反应不太灵敏的电阻屏,操作板按钮太多,界面太复杂,且操作时需频繁切换界面,时常误导医护人员,出现误操作,甚至发生医疗事故,带来很大的负面影响。在自检、预充、治疗过程中,设置项太多,特别是有一些完全不必要的设置,并且可一次性操作项很少,急需进行优化,以提升国产血液净化设备的质量和市场占有率,打破国外垄断企业在中国高中端医疗器械市场的垄断。研究表明,血浆分离后单独利用血浆进行血液净化比全血治疗的清除率更高、治疗效果亦更好。因此,本课题设计了血浆分离式血液透析机人机交互界面并使其功能得以实现,完成了人机交互设计、数据库设计和串口通信的主体工作。首先,确定了系统的开发平台和软件架构。选择linux操作系统下运用QT作为开发工具。为整个人机交互界面和功能的实现设计了软件架构。新颖的人机交互界面的设计,主要包括了人性化的开机欢迎界面、自检界面、模式选择界面、治疗界面、实时信息界面、新型合理的设置界面的界面设计和操作方法,以及预充、回血的设计与实现。其次,嵌入式数据库与病人信息界面结合讲述了数据库的实现,其中包括用户登录界面、密码修改界面、病人信息界面和病人治疗信息界面。能实现用户的登录,修改密码,查看、查询、添加、删除、修改病人信息,查询、查看病人治疗信息。嵌入式数据库选择SQLite数据库,设计了三个数据表:用户信息表、病人信息表、病人治疗信息表。运用E-R模型图展示了三个表的内容和这三个表之间的联系,并且讲述了数据库的实现方法。最后,完成了上位机与下位机的通信,运用串口通信,实现发送和接收数据。制定了上位机与下位机串口通信的协议MODBUS,并实现CRC校验。详细描述了在QT开发环境下串口通信的实现方法和CRC校验的计算和实现方法。
[Abstract]:Blood purification is the main method to treat and maintain the life of nephrotic patients, with the increasing of nephropathy patients all over the world. The need for high quality blood purification equipment is increasingly urgent, and the treatment of diseases by blood purification technology is no longer limited to the treatment of patients with nephropathy, in clinical, blood purification has been extended to liver diseases. Drug poisoning, rheumatism, pesticide poisoning, septicemia, etc. Our country needs dialysis treatment of end-stage kidney disease patients, the cure rate is less than 1/10 in developed countries. 80% of the patients have not received dialysis treatment, and China's blood purification equipment market has long been monopolized by Europe and the United States. Less than 10% of the domestic equipment market is occupied. At present, the country is strengthening the construction of medical care reform and improving the medical security system. The market demand for blood purification has become more urgent. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a safe and reliable blood purification equipment. Some still use the resistive screen which is not too sensitive, too many buttons, too complex interface, and the operation needs to switch interface frequently, often mislead medical personnel, misoperation, or even medical malpractice. In the process of self-testing, pre-charging, treatment, there are too many items, especially some completely unnecessary settings, and can be one-off operation terms few, the urgent need for optimization. In order to improve the quality and market share of domestic blood purification equipment and break the monopoly of foreign monopoly enterprises in the Chinese medical equipment market. After plasma separation, the clearance rate of blood purification with plasma alone is higher than that of whole blood therapy, and the therapeutic effect is better. In this paper, the human-computer interface of plasma separation hemodialysis machine is designed and its function is realized. The main work of human-computer interaction design, database design and serial communication is completed. The development platform and software architecture of the system are determined. QT is selected as the development tool under the linux operating system. The software architecture is designed for the realization of the whole man-machine interaction interface and function. A novel human-computer interaction boundary is designed. Surface design. Mainly includes the humanized boot welcome interface, self-test interface, mode selection interface, treatment interface, real-time information interface, new and reasonable interface interface design and operation, as well as pre-charging. Secondly, the embedded database and patient information interface are combined to describe the implementation of the database, including user login interface, password modification interface. Patient information interface and patient treatment information interface. Can achieve user login, change password, view, query, add, delete, modify patient information, query. The embedded database selects SQLite database and designs three data tables: user information table and patient information table. The E-R model diagram is used to show the contents of the three tables and the relationship between the three tables, and the implementation method of the database is described. Finally, the communication between the upper computer and the lower computer is completed. The serial communication is used to transmit and receive the data. The protocol MODBUS of serial communication between the upper computer and the lower computer is established. The realization method of serial communication in QT development environment and the calculation and realization method of CRC check are described in detail.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH789

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