小型高分辨率平场凹面光栅光谱仪的研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 03:15

本文选题：平场凹面光栅光谱仪　切入点：小型化　出处：《中国科学院研究生院(长春光学精密机械与物理研究所)》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：平场凹面光栅光谱仪在国计民生的各个方面均有重要应用,包括冶金、石油、原料和成品分析、生物医疗和智能交通等,也用于宇宙探索、军事侦察、资源和水文探测等领域。它能做到小型化和智能化,而且能兼顾高的光谱分辨率,符合光谱仪器的发展趋势,具有广阔的市场前景。本文根据平场凹面光栅光谱仪小型化、智能化的发展趋势,对小型高分辨率平场凹面光栅光谱仪的光栅设计、仪器装调及测试和光谱仪的误差分析方面进行了较为深入的研究,具体研究工作主要包括以下方面:(1).根据光程函数理论,对平场凹面光栅光谱仪的核心部件平场凹面光栅进行了设计,提出了一种将遗传算法和非线性规划函数寻优算法相结合对平场凹面光栅进行了像差和光学优化设计的方法,并进行了具体分析,各指标均能满足设计要求;(2).在平场凹面光栅的优化设计的基础上对平场凹面光栅光谱仪进行了光学设计、机械装调及光谱定标软件设计,其主要内容包括,系统的光路设计,该平场凹面光栅光谱仪主要零部件的装调,以及后期数据处理的上位机软件的编写;(3).对平场凹面光栅光谱仪的误差来源进行了分类,并且利用光线追迹的方法对平场凹面光栅的误差分析做了较为详细的分析,得出了平场凹面光栅的使用参数对仪器的影响,并且求出了各误差的使用容限,从而指导仪器的装调工作并对光栅的设计制作提出要求;(4).在前期理论论证之后,建立了一套平场凹面光栅光谱仪系统的软、硬件结构,包括光源、凹面光栅、光谱接收系统及数据采集系统等。利用图像化编程软件LabVIEW编写了自动化光谱定标软件。并对仪器测试结果进行了分析。该型光谱仪具有小型化、智能化的特点,全波段(200nm~800nm)能达到优于1.4nm的光谱分辨率,全波段消像散,并且残余像差也很小。
[Abstract]:Flat field concave grating spectrometer has important applications in various aspects, beneficial to the people's livelihood including metallurgy, petroleum, analysis of raw materials and finished products, Bio Medical and intelligent transportation, but also for space exploration, military reconnaissance, field resources and hydrological exploration. It can achieve the miniaturization and intelligent, and can take the high spectral resolution, in accordance with the development trend of the spectrum instrument, and has a broad market prospect. Based on the flat field concave grating spectrometer miniaturization, the development trend of intelligent, high resolution of small flat field concave grating spectrometer grating design, measurement error analysis instrument installation and test and the spectrometer is studied. The main research work includes the following aspects: (1). According to the eikonal theory, the core components of the flat field concave grating flat field concave grating spectrometer is designed, proposed a genetic algorithm Planning method and nonlinear function optimization algorithm combining the flat field concave grating of optical aberration and the optimization design method, and makes a concrete analysis, each index can meet the design requirements; (2). Based on the optimization design of flat field concave grating on the optical design of a flat field concave grating the spectrometer, the mechanical alignment and spectral calibration software design, the main contents include the design of light path system, the flat field concave grating spectrometer the main components of the assembly, and the PC software data processing; (3). On the flat field concave grating spectrometer and the error sources are classified. By using ray tracing method of flat field concave grating error analysis are analyzed in detail. The effects of the use of flat field grating parameters of the instrument, and the use of the error tolerance, thus guiding instrument The alignment and design of grating request; (4). After the preliminary demonstration of the theory, established a set of flat field concave grating spectrometer system software and hardware structure, including the light source, the concave grating spectrum receiving system and data acquisition system. Using the graphical programming software written in LabVIEW automation spectral calibration of the instrument software. And the test results were analyzed. The spectrometer has the advantages of miniaturization, intelligent features, full band (200nm~800nm) spectral resolution can reach over 1.4nm, the full band astigmatism, and the residual aberration is also very small.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院(长春光学精密机械与物理研究所)
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH744.1

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