智能手环脉搏波形获取方法的实验研究

发布时间：2018-03-27 21:45

本文选题：可穿戴设备　切入点：脉搏波　出处：《中国计量大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：目前脉搏波形的获取主要通过两种方法,即红外光电式传感器容积法和压电式传感器直接测量法。红外光电式传感器是通过监测心脏跳动时血液中血红蛋白含量的变化来间接测量脉搏变化曲线(波形),与脉搏的跳动之间没有直接的关系。压电式传感器在皮肤表面直接测量血管的跳动情况,因此这种方法比较准确,所得脉搏信号波形与传统中医搭脉时作用在手指的压力波形,原则上是一致的,因此具有利用中医搭脉经验的巨大发展潜力。但由于压电式传感器体积大,电路复杂并且可靠性差,这对于对体积非常敏感的手环来说是个致命缺点;而反观红外光电式传感器,具有体积小,电路简单可靠等优点,因此红外光电式传感器容积法获得了广泛的应用。本论文试图通过实验的方法,找出以上两种方法在脉搏波形测量结果上的异同点,从而为智能可穿戴设备的相关方案的确定,提供一定的借鉴。通过搭建模拟人体血液流动的实验平台,设计了电磁阀控制电路,利用STM32微控制器作为核心CPU,产生与人体脉搏频率相当的周期性脉冲控制电磁阀的通断,模拟人体心脏的舒张和收缩,产生模拟脉搏波。同时分别设计和实现了两种传感器的驱动及信号处理电路,在设计滤波和放大电路的过程中,利用Protel 99se软件对电路进行了仿真研究,对多款电路元器件的性能进行对比,选择了合适的信号处理电路,在仿真的基础上进行实际电路的焊接调试。在实验平台搭建完成后,分别用光电式和压电式两种传感器来测量该实验平台上所产生的模拟脉搏波,对波形、相位差和速度数据分别进行对比分析。实验结果表明,红外光电式传感器和压电式传感器在测量脉搏波时,对脉搏波周期以及脉搏波传播速度的测量结果基本一致,但是在脉搏波的波形方面,两者存在一定差异,因此对于只是用于测量心率和脉搏波速度的智能可穿戴设备,采用光电式传感器即可满足要求;但对于需要用中医搭脉经验对所获得的脉搏波形进行分析的智能可穿戴设备,则采用传统的脉搏传感器更为合适。
[Abstract]:At present, two methods are used to obtain pulse waveforms. That is, the volume method of infrared photoelectric sensor and the direct measurement method of piezoelectric sensor. The infrared photoelectric sensor measures the pulse curve indirectly by monitoring the change of hemoglobin content in the blood as the heart beats. There is no direct relationship between pulse and pulse. Piezoelectric sensors directly measure the beating of blood vessels on the surface of the skin. Therefore, this method is more accurate, the obtained pulse signal waveform and traditional Chinese medicine pulse action in the finger pressure waveform, in principle is the same. Therefore, there is a great potential to use the experience of traditional Chinese medicine to build pulse. However, because of the large size of piezoelectric sensor, complex circuit and poor reliability, it is a fatal disadvantage for a very sensitive bracelet. However, the infrared photoelectric sensor has the advantages of small volume, simple and reliable circuit and so on. Therefore, the volume method of infrared photoelectric sensor has been widely used. Find out the similarities and differences between the two methods in the pulse waveform measurement results, so as to provide some reference for the determination of intelligent wearable devices, through the establishment of a simulation of human blood flow experimental platform, The control circuit of solenoid valve is designed. Using STM32 microcontroller as the core, periodic pulse is generated to control the opening and breaking of solenoid valve, which simulates the relaxation and contraction of human heart. At the same time, the driving and signal processing circuits of two kinds of sensors are designed and realized respectively. In the process of designing filter and amplifier circuit, the circuit is simulated by Protel 99se software. By comparing the performance of many circuit components, the suitable signal processing circuit is selected, and the actual circuit is welded and debugged on the basis of simulation. The simulated pulse waves generated on the experimental platform were measured by photoelectric and piezoelectric sensors respectively. The waveform, phase difference and velocity data were compared and analyzed respectively. The experimental results show that, When measuring pulse wave by infrared photoelectricity sensor and piezoelectric sensor, the measurement results of pulse wave period and pulse wave velocity are basically the same, but there are some differences in pulse wave waveform between them. Therefore, for an intelligent wearable device which is only used to measure heart rate and pulse wave velocity, the photoelectric sensor can meet the requirements, but for the intelligent wearable device, which needs to analyze the obtained pulse waveform with the experience of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), The traditional pulse sensor is more suitable.
【学位授予单位】：中国计量大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH789

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