仪器的自动发现与测控管理
发布时间：2018-12-18 14:39
【摘要】：随着仪器在各个领域的大量使用,从研究实验室到工业厂房,自动化仪器无处不在。人们意识到收集随时间变迁的数据有用起来,自然就需要某种方法来捕捉并完成数据记录。一旦计算机被连接到仪器,数据收集、分析和控制等等功能就可以自由扩展。借助已经发展成熟并且广泛应用的网络技术,实现仪器的网络化和智能化。仪器测量系统已经从传统的RS232、CAN、USB等总线测量系统发展到以互联网技术应用为基础的LAN总线网络化测量系统,不同接口、不同类型的大量仪器接入测试环境,需要对仪器进行整体的管理。为了统一接口标准,美国国家仪器(National Instruments、简称NI)提出了虚拟仪器(Virtual Instrument,简称VI)的概念,并结合IVI技术(Interchangeable Virtual Instrument, IVI)进行控制和测量,虚拟仪器通过计算机软件将计算机硬件资源与仪器硬件有机融为一体,从而把计算机强大的处理能力和仪器硬件的测量、控制能力结合起来。为了实现虚拟仪器和实体仪器的整体管理,其中包括本地仪器探测发现,IVI驱动管理,设备统一管理,对仪器进行互换配置,完成仪器的IVI互换性需求,从而最大程度的提高仪器的管理效率和测试效率,本选题将虚拟仪器设计技术中对仪器的管理和操作使用为基础,结合仪器网络化的特点,设计对虚拟仪器进行统一管理的系统,可以针对本地的仪器资源和仪器驱动进行管理配置和查询等基本功能。在虚拟仪器技术基础上,设计了一套具有可互换性的虚拟测控平台,可以针对不同的仪器进行仿真和实体仪器的测量和操作。在研究了VISA技术和IVI技术后,实现了通过VISA完成对仪器硬件的基本的探测功能,通过IVI技术实现对仪器的互换和实体操作,将两种技术结合起来完成对实体硬件的访问和操作。本文首先对虚拟仪器的设计架构进行深入地分析和研究,主要内容包括：VISA技术、LXI总线技术和IVI技术的规范,通过对这些内容的研究和整合,了解虚拟仪器的工作原理并能够搭建虚拟仪器的工作环境,分析虚拟仪器的软硬件的工作关系和流程。其次针对IVI技术进行详细分析,从IVI的内部机制分析出IVI仪器互换的具体流程。在系统的实现上,结合Python语言,利用其高效、灵活、具有面向对象的特点,结合Pyqt4、NumPy以及Matplotlib等功能强大的可扩展模块,以及IVI和VISA技术的后端支持,将仪器探测管理以及仪器测量功能结合起来,提高虚拟仪器的测试效率,实现仪器管理、驱动管理以及仪器互换测量的目的。
[Abstract]:With the extensive use of instruments in various fields, automatic instruments are everywhere from research laboratories to industrial buildings. People realize that collecting data over time is useful, and nature needs a way to capture and complete data records. Once the computer is connected to the instrument, data collection, analysis and control functions can be freely extended. With the help of the network technology which has been developed and widely used, the instrument can be networked and intelligentized. The instrument measurement system has developed from the traditional RS232,CAN,USB bus measurement system to the LAN bus network measurement system based on the application of Internet technology, with different interfaces and different types of instrument access test environment. The instrument needs to be managed as a whole. In order to unify the interface standard, the concept of virtual instrument (Virtual Instrument, (VI) is put forward by (National Instruments, (NI), and the IVI technology (Interchangeable Virtual Instrument, IVI) is used to control and measure it. Virtual instrument combines computer hardware resources with instrument hardware organically through computer software, which combines the powerful processing ability of computer with the measurement and control ability of instrument hardware. In order to realize the whole management of virtual instrument and physical instrument, including local instrument detection and discovery, IVI driver management, equipment unified management, instrument exchange configuration, the IVI interchangeability requirement of instrument is fulfilled. In order to improve the management efficiency and test efficiency of the instrument to the greatest extent, this topic is based on the management and operation of the instrument in the virtual instrument design technology, combined with the characteristics of the instrument network. A unified management system for virtual instruments is designed, which can manage, configure and query the local instrument resources and drivers. On the basis of virtual instrument technology, a set of virtual measurement and control platform with interchangeability is designed, which can simulate different instruments and measure and operate physical instruments. After studying VISA technology and IVI technology, the basic detecting function of instrument hardware is realized through VISA, the exchange and entity operation of instrument are realized by IVI technology, and the access and operation of entity hardware are accomplished by combining the two technologies. In this paper, the design framework of virtual instrument is analyzed and studied in depth. The main contents include: VISA technology, LXI bus technology and the specification of IVI technology, through the research and integration of these contents, To understand the working principle of virtual instrument and build the working environment of virtual instrument, analyze the working relationship and flow of software and hardware of virtual instrument. Secondly, the IVI technology is analyzed in detail, and the specific flow of IVI instrument exchange is analyzed from the internal mechanism of IVI. In the implementation of the system, combining with the Python language, using its high efficiency, flexibility and object-oriented characteristics, combining with the powerful extensible modules such as Pyqt4,NumPy and Matplotlib, as well as the back-end support of IVI and VISA technology. The instrument detection management and the instrument measurement function are combined to improve the testing efficiency of the virtual instrument and to realize the purpose of instrument management, driving management and instrument exchange measurement.
【学位授予单位】：西安邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH702
本文编号：2385990
[Abstract]:With the extensive use of instruments in various fields, automatic instruments are everywhere from research laboratories to industrial buildings. People realize that collecting data over time is useful, and nature needs a way to capture and complete data records. Once the computer is connected to the instrument, data collection, analysis and control functions can be freely extended. With the help of the network technology which has been developed and widely used, the instrument can be networked and intelligentized. The instrument measurement system has developed from the traditional RS232,CAN,USB bus measurement system to the LAN bus network measurement system based on the application of Internet technology, with different interfaces and different types of instrument access test environment. The instrument needs to be managed as a whole. In order to unify the interface standard, the concept of virtual instrument (Virtual Instrument, (VI) is put forward by (National Instruments, (NI), and the IVI technology (Interchangeable Virtual Instrument, IVI) is used to control and measure it. Virtual instrument combines computer hardware resources with instrument hardware organically through computer software, which combines the powerful processing ability of computer with the measurement and control ability of instrument hardware. In order to realize the whole management of virtual instrument and physical instrument, including local instrument detection and discovery, IVI driver management, equipment unified management, instrument exchange configuration, the IVI interchangeability requirement of instrument is fulfilled. In order to improve the management efficiency and test efficiency of the instrument to the greatest extent, this topic is based on the management and operation of the instrument in the virtual instrument design technology, combined with the characteristics of the instrument network. A unified management system for virtual instruments is designed, which can manage, configure and query the local instrument resources and drivers. On the basis of virtual instrument technology, a set of virtual measurement and control platform with interchangeability is designed, which can simulate different instruments and measure and operate physical instruments. After studying VISA technology and IVI technology, the basic detecting function of instrument hardware is realized through VISA, the exchange and entity operation of instrument are realized by IVI technology, and the access and operation of entity hardware are accomplished by combining the two technologies. In this paper, the design framework of virtual instrument is analyzed and studied in depth. The main contents include: VISA technology, LXI bus technology and the specification of IVI technology, through the research and integration of these contents, To understand the working principle of virtual instrument and build the working environment of virtual instrument, analyze the working relationship and flow of software and hardware of virtual instrument. Secondly, the IVI technology is analyzed in detail, and the specific flow of IVI instrument exchange is analyzed from the internal mechanism of IVI. In the implementation of the system, combining with the Python language, using its high efficiency, flexibility and object-oriented characteristics, combining with the powerful extensible modules such as Pyqt4,NumPy and Matplotlib, as well as the back-end support of IVI and VISA technology. The instrument detection management and the instrument measurement function are combined to improve the testing efficiency of the virtual instrument and to realize the purpose of instrument management, driving management and instrument exchange measurement.
【学位授予单位】：西安邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH702
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