高精度红外激光波长测量技术研究

发布时间：2019-02-18 22:53

【摘要】：傅立叶变换光谱遥感技术在气象观测等领域得到了非常广泛的应用并逐步成为一种趋势。我国新一代静止与极轨气象卫星平台上都将装备傅立叶变换光谱遥感探测仪。光谱准确度是傅立叶变换光谱遥感探测仪的一项重要技术指标,它与大气温度、湿度反演精度密切相关。光谱标定是光谱遥感探测仪光谱准确度的重要保证环节。作为定标光源的稳频激光器其波长需要被精确测量。本文针对光谱遥感探测仪定标激光器波长精确测量技术展开研究,具有较强的工程实用价值。论文对激光波长测量技术进行了综合研究和分析,确定采用迈克尔逊激光波长测量技术对光谱遥感探测仪定标激光器的波长进行测量。论文从理论上分析了迈克尔逊激光波长测量技术中参考激光频率稳定度、参考激光和待测激光之间的平行性、干涉条纹计数精度、空气折射率精度、激光衍射误差等因素对激光波长测量精度的影响,提出了减小误差的方法,根据风云卫星干涉式大气遥感探测仪波长标定需求制定了定标激光器波长精密测量技术方案。迈克尔逊激光波长测量技术中参考激光频率稳定度对激光波长测量精度具有直接影响。论文对参考激光稳频技术开展了研究,选用频率调制光谱技术对DFB半导体激光器进行稳频,提出了免相位调节的激光稳频方法。该方法提高了稳频系统对调制频率的适应性,同时也免除了相位调节的繁琐过程。激光波长测量精度受到空气折射率的影响,高精度激光波长测量时必须进行空气折射率修正。论文对空气折射率算法开展了研究,对Rueger空气折射率算法进行了修正。修正后Rueger空气折射率算法在算法复杂度改变不大的情况下,提高了算法的计算精度。论文对干涉条纹计数方法进行了改进,改进后的计数方法充分利用了干涉仪的光程差,提高了激光波长测量精度。研究结果表明,迈克尔逊激光波长测量技术能够满足风云卫星干涉式大气垂直探测仪定标激光器波长精密测量的需求。课题研究结果对星载傅立叶变换光谱仪的光谱标定工作具有工程参考价值。
[Abstract]:Fourier transform spectral remote sensing technology has been widely used in meteorological observation and has gradually become a trend. The new generation of geostationary and polar orbit meteorological satellite platforms in China will be equipped with Fourier transform spectral remote sensing detector. Spectral accuracy is an important technical index of Fourier transform spectral remote sensing detector, which is closely related to the retrieval accuracy of atmospheric temperature and humidity. Spectral calibration is an important guarantee of spectral accuracy of spectral remote sensing detector. The wavelength of a frequency stabilized laser, as a calibrated light source, needs to be accurately measured. In this paper, the precise wavelength measurement technology of calibrated laser with spectral remote sensing detector is studied, which is of great practical value in engineering. In this paper, the laser wavelength measurement technology is studied and analyzed, and the Michelson laser wavelength measurement technique is adopted to measure the wavelength of the calibration laser with the spectral remote sensing detector. In this paper, the frequency stability of the reference laser, the parallelism between the reference laser and the laser to be measured, the precision of interference fringes counting, and the precision of refractive index of air in the Michelson laser wavelength measurement technology are analyzed theoretically. The influence of laser diffraction error on the accuracy of laser wavelength measurement is discussed. A method to reduce the error is put forward. According to the requirement of wavelength calibration of Fengyun Satellite Interferometric Atmospheric remote Sensing detector, a calibrated laser wavelength precision measurement scheme is proposed. The reference frequency stability of Michelson laser wavelength measurement technology has a direct impact on the accuracy of laser wavelength measurement. In this paper, the frequency stabilization technology of reference laser is studied. Frequency stabilization of DFB semiconductor laser is carried out by using frequency modulation spectrum technology, and a phase free laser frequency stabilization method is proposed. This method improves the adaptability of frequency stabilization system to modulation frequency and eliminates the tedious process of phase adjustment. The precision of laser wavelength measurement is affected by the refractive index of air. In this paper, the air refractive index algorithm is studied, and the Rueger air refractive index algorithm is modified. The modified Rueger air refractive index algorithm improves the accuracy of the algorithm without changing the complexity of the algorithm. In this paper, the interferometric fringe counting method is improved. The improved counting method makes full use of the optical path difference of the interferometer and improves the accuracy of laser wavelength measurement. The results show that the Michelson laser wavelength measurement technology can meet the needs of precision measurement of laser wavelength calibration by the wind and cloud satellite interferometric atmospheric vertical detector. The research results are valuable for the spectral calibration of spaceborne Fourier transform spectrometer.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院(上海技术物理研究所)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH744

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