哺乳母猪精准饲喂下料控制系统的设计与试验

发布时间：2018-01-06 17:21

本文关键词：哺乳母猪精准饲喂下料控制系统的设计与试验　出处：《农业工程学报》2017年20期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为满足哺乳母猪获得最大采食量并达到精准饲喂控制等需求,以哺乳母猪为试验对象,设计了一种新型哺乳母猪精准下料控制系统。研究通过控制电动杆的推杆速率、输入电压及电源功率的协同工作,以获得稳定的下料量;采用预设的个性化的采食量模型与变容积的精确控制技术,实现对预设饲喂量的准确投喂。系统设计了下料控制系统,主要由定量仓体、电动推杆、堵料上球及堵料下球等部件及嵌入式控制系统组成。试验结果表明,1)当电源功率为150 W时,推杆启动时电压变化略小,对单机下料的精准性影响较小,且当电动推杆速率为60 mm/s,输入电压为11.5 V,下料效果最好(P0.001),变异系数(CV=3.526%)最小;2)预设的采食量曲线接近哺乳母猪的采食规律,且采食量曲线收敛于对数曲线;3)智能饲喂系统采用4次/d的饲喂频率及与采食曲线的协同工作,与人工饲喂对比,能进一步促进采食量,且采用变化的饲喂时间间隔(06:00,10:00,15:00及22:00),并在不同时间点的饲喂采食量比例分别为30%、20%、20%、30%时,总的采食量最大。综上,该文设计低成本的哺乳母猪精准下料控制系统,采用基于电动推杆的控制机构与嵌入式系统的协同工作,设备控制简单,下料稳定,计量准确,与进口设备及以螺旋输送原理为基础的过往系统比较,成本具有明显优势,适合在中国大、中、小型的种猪场的哺乳车间推广应用。
[Abstract]:In order to meet the needs of the lactating sows to obtain the maximum feed intake and to achieve accurate feeding control, the sows were selected as the experimental objects. A new precise feeding control system for lactating sows was designed. Adopting the presupposition individualized feed intake model and the accurate control technology of variable volume to realize the accurate feeding and feeding of the preset feed quantity, the feeding control system is designed, which is mainly composed of the quantitative silo body and the electric push rod. The test results show that when the power supply power is 150W, the voltage changes slightly when the power supply is 150W. When the speed of electric push rod is 60 mm / s, the input voltage is 11.5 V, the best cutting effect is P0.001). The coefficient of variation was 3.526% (r = 3.526). 2) the preset feed intake curve was close to that of the lactating sows and converged to the logarithmic curve. 3) the intelligent feeding system uses four times / d feeding frequency and cooperative work with feeding curve, compared with artificial feeding, it can further promote the feed intake, and adopt the variable feeding time interval of 06: 00. At 10: 00, 15: 00 and 22: 00, the proportion of feed intake at different points was 30, 20 and 20, respectively, and at 30: 30, the total intake was the largest. In this paper, a low cost precision feeding control system for lactating sows is designed. The control mechanism based on electric push rod and embedded system are used to work together. The equipment control is simple, the feeding is stable and the measurement is accurate. Compared with imported equipment and previous systems based on the principle of screw conveying, the cost has obvious advantages and is suitable for popularizing and applying in the breast-feeding workshops of large, medium and small pig farms in China.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所动物营养学国家重点实验室;河南南商农牧科技股份有限公司;
【基金】：国家“十三五”重点研发课题(2017YFD0701604,2016YFD0700205) 北京市重大科技计划项目课题(D171100000417002)
【分类号】：S828;TP273
【正文快照】： 0引言繁殖母猪的生产力水平不仅直接影响生产者的经营效益,更影响到每个地区乃至国家猪肉的有效供给水平[1]。中国繁殖母猪存栏量在2012年达到高峰即5 069万头,但随着养猪周期、社会经济及劳动力结构与各种成本因素的影响,散养户逐步退出,母猪存栏量逐年调整下降,到2016年存栏

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